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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The concentration of all species in a 0.100 M
Concept Information:
Acid ionization constant
The equilibrium expression for the reaction
Where
Diprotic and polyprotic acids:
Acids having two or more hydrogen atoms are termed as diprotic or polyprotic acids. These acids lose one proton at a time by undergoing successive ionizations.
For diprotic acids, the successive ionization constants are designated as
For triprotic acids, the successive ionization constants are designated as
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Answer to Problem 16.116QP
The concentration of all species in a 0.100 M
Explanation of Solution
Given data:
The concentration of
Species of
The species that are present in
The concentration of these species will be represented as
First ionization of
Initial |
0.100 -x (0.100-x) | ||
Change | +x | +x | |
Equilibrium | x | x |
The
In this case we probably cannot say that
We obtain the quadratic equation:
The positive root is x = 0.00239 M. We have:
For the second ionization:
Initial |
0.0239 -y (0.0239-y) | ||
Change | +y | +y | |
Equilibrium | (0.0239+y) | y |
The
Thus,
For the third ionization:
Initial |
-z | ||
Change | +z | +z | |
Equilibrium | (0.0239+z) | z |
The
The equilibrium concentrations are:
The concentration of all species in a 0.100 M
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Chapter 16 Solutions
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