21ST CENT.AST.W/WKBK+SMARTWORK >BI<
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780309341523
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 16, Problem 17QP
To determine
The reaction of star and the new size, temperature and luminosity of the star.
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Using solar units, we find that a star has 4 times the luminosity of the Sun, a mass 1.25 times the mass of the Sun, and a surface temperature of 4090 K (take the Sun's surface temperature to be 5784 K for the sake of this problem). This means the star has a radius of.................... solar radii and is a .................... star (use the classification).
Observations show that stellar luminosity, L, and mass, M, are related by L x M3.5 for
main sequence stars. Obtain an expression that relates the main sequence life time and
the mass of a star. You should assume that the luminosity is constant throughout a star's
main sequence life time, and that the amount of mass converted into energy by a star while
it is on the main sequence is given by AM
main sequence life time of a 20 Solar mass star given that the Sun is expected to spend
1010 years on the main sequence. Comment on the significance of your answer.
fM, where f is a constant. Estimate the
A red giant star might have radius = 104 times the solar radius,
and luminosity = 1730 times solar luminosity.
Use the data given below to calculate the temperature
at the surface of the red giant star.
Data:
solar radius R = 7 x 108 meters
solar luminosity L = 4 x 1026 watts
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
a = 5.67 x 10-8 W m² K-4
(in K)
A: 1226 OB: 1434 OC: 1678 OD: 1963 OE: 2297 OF: 2688 OG: 3145 OH: 3679
Chapter 16 Solutions
21ST CENT.AST.W/WKBK+SMARTWORK >BI<
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 16.1CYUCh. 16.3 - Prob. 16.3CYUCh. 16.4 - Prob. 16.4CYUCh. 16.5 - Prob. 16.5CYUCh. 16 - Prob. 1QPCh. 16 - Prob. 2QPCh. 16 - Prob. 3QPCh. 16 - Prob. 4QPCh. 16 - Prob. 5QPCh. 16 - Prob. 6QP
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- For a main sequence star with luminosity L, how many kilograms of hydrogen is being converted into helium per second? Use the formula that you derive to estimate the mass of hydrogen atoms that are converted into helium in the interior of the sun (LSun = 3.9 x 1026 W). (Note: the mass of a hydrogen atom is 1 mproton and the mass of a helium atom is 3.97 mproton. You need four hydrogen nuclei to form one helium nucleus.)arrow_forwardFor each statement concerning main sequence stars, select T True, F False, G Greater than, L Less than, or E Equal to. A) The surface temperature of a O type star is .... than a K type star. B) On the main sequence, the mass of a O type star is .... than a F type star. C) On the main sequence, a M type star's life is .... than a G type star. D) The surface temperature of our Sun is .... than the surface temperature of Sirius. E) When stars start hydrogen burning, thier mass determines where they are on the main sequence. F) Based on the relative lifes of M and G type stars we expect the number of M stars to be .... than the number of G type stars.arrow_forwardZebulon is a binary star system composed of a 10 M sun main sequence star and a 1 M sun red giant. Is this strange? yes or no. explain the reasoning.arrow_forward
- 12: A star with spectral type A0 has a surface temperature of 9600 K and a radius of 2.2 RSun. How many times more luminous is this star than the Sun? (if it is less luminous enter a number less than one) Answer: 36.854 13:This star has a mass of 3.3 MSun. what is the main sequence lifetime of this star? You may assume that the lifetime of the sun is 1010 yr. Please answer question 13 thank you.arrow_forwardA star with a radius 1.5 times that of the Sun has a surface temperature T=9,000 K. Calculate the luminosity of this star and express your answer in units of the Solar luminosity (the Solar luminosity = 3.84 x 1026 W and the Solar radius = 7 x 108 m)arrow_forwardFor the PP chain 0.7% of the mass participating in nuclear fusion is liberated as energy which produces a star's luminosity. Assume that the core of a main sequence star consists of 10% of its total mass. Hence, estimate the lifetime of a star on the main sequence in terms of its luminosity L/L. Give your answer in years. You may use the observed mass-luminosity relation L x M³.5, where M is the star's total mass. Using typical values, calculate estimates for the main sequence lifetime of a KO star and a 05 star. Describe briefly why your estimate might be more accurate for K stars compared to O stars.arrow_forward
- = A star population is composed of stars with masses in the range between 1M and 150M. The initial mass function is = 0 (M/M)-2.3, where o (Mo). The luminosity of a star = (M/M) 3.3. Calculate the percentage of the total luminosity of the stars in the population which is produced by stars with mass between 120M and 150M. scales with its mass as L/Larrow_forwardQUESTION 16 Use the figure shown below to complete the following statement: A low-mass protostar (0.5 to 8M the mass compared to our sun) remains roughly constant in decreases in until it makes a turn towards the main sequence, as it follows its evolutionary track. Protostars of different masses follow diferent paths on their way to the main sequence. 107 Luminosity (L) 10 105 10 107 10² 101 1 10-1 10-2 10-3 Spectral type 0.01 R 0.001 Re 60 M MAIN SEQUENCE 40,000 30,000 20 Mau 10 Mgun 5 Mun 0.1 Run Ren radius; temperature luminosity; radius 3 Min. 05 BO temperature; luminosity Oluminosity: temperature radius: luminosity 1 M 10,000 6000 Surlace temperature (K) 1,000 Rs 2 M STAR L 0.8 M B5 AO FOGO КБ МБ -10 +10 3000 Absolute visual magnitude andarrow_forwardBetelgeuse is a nearby supergiant that will eventually explode into a supernova. Let's see how awesome it would look. At peak brightness, the supernova will have a luminosity of about 10 billion times the Sun. It is 600 light-years away. All stellar brightnesses are compared with Vega, which has an intrinsic luminosity of about 60 times the Sun, a distance of 25 light-years, an absolute magnitude of 0.6 and an apparent magnitude of 0 (by definition). a) At peak brightness, how many times brighter will Betelgeuse be than Vega? b) Approximately what apparent magnitude does this correspond to? c) The Sun is about -26.5 apparent magnitude. What fraction of the Sun's brightness will Betelgeuse be?arrow_forward
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