Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 1MCQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The complement system consists of thirty heat-labile proteins from plasma and is involved in the opsonization of pathogens for assisting the immune responses of the host. The complement proteins are protease in nature, which helps to cleave the antigens to neutralize the infectious substances. It is a cascade or a series of proteins (from C1 to C9 and some proteins are indicated as lower cases, a and b) that commence at the time of infection; the process is termed as complement activation.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 16 - Identify at least one physical and one chemical...Ch. 16 - Define inflammation, and list its characteristics.Ch. 16 - What are interferons? Discuss their roles in...Ch. 16 - How can the complement system cause endotoxic...Ch. 16 - Patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6RCh. 16 - Give several examples of how microbes evade the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8RCh. 16 - Are the following involved in innate or adaptive...Ch. 16 - These agranulocytes are not phagocytic until they...
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 16 - If the following are placed in the order of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 16 - A human host can prevent a pathogen from getting...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 16 - In 1884. Elie Metchnikoff observed blood cells...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1ACh. 16 - Prob. 2ACh. 16 - Prob. 3ACh. 16 - The list below identifies a virulence factor for a...Ch. 16 - People with Rhinovirus infections of the nose and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2CAECh. 16 - Leukocyte adherence deficiency (LAD) is an...Ch. 16 - The neutrophils of individuals with Chdiak-Higashi...Ch. 16 - Consider the following. a. In laboratory...
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- Immunoglobins help eliminate the pathogen through the process of: A. Release of hydrolytic enzymes on the pathogen B. Agglutination and precipitation C. Direct phagocytosis D. Activating plateletsarrow_forwardBacterial capsules a. kill phagocytes b. prevent engulfment by phagocytes c. prevent the activation of complementarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not among the first line of defenses against infection? * a. skin b. lysozyme in saliva c. resident populations of bacteria d. complement activation e. flushing action of diarrheaarrow_forward
- The complement system of defense is composed of proteins that are always present in the blood. Which statement describes the importance of this system in early pathogen defense? A.) It does not have to be activated by antibodies. B.) It rapidly lower the blood pH. C.) It recognizes specific common pathogens. D.) It causes immediate pathogen lysis.arrow_forwardWhich of the following involves pseudopods? adherence of phagocytes to pathogens chemotaxis opsonization extracellular killing a & barrow_forwardWhich nonspecific host defense is associated with the trachea?a. lacrimation b. ciliary lining c. desquamation d. lactic acidarrow_forward
- Two of the major actions of complement are a. increased inflammatory response and cytolysis. b. recognition and destruction of a specific antigen and cytolysis. c. production of antibody and increased inflammatory response. d. release of cytokines to increase the immune response and production of antibody.arrow_forwardPart of the complement system of defense is opsonization. This process A.) creates an acidic environment that prevents pathogen attachment B.) causes holes to form in the pathogen's cell walls. C.) coats the pathogen exterior so that it is recognized by the host's phagocytes. D.) causes the pathogen to become trapped in mucus.arrow_forwardActivated complement proteins ________. a. puncture cells c. attract macrophages b. promote inflammation d. all of the abovearrow_forward
- New research suggests a link between some microbes that normally live in the body and seemingly unrelated major illnesses. The gum disease called periodontitis itself is not life-threatening, for instance, but it is a fairly good predictor for heart attacks. Bacteria that cause gum disease can trigger inflammation. Thinking back to your reading in Chapter 7, how do you suppose that this response also may be harmful to the heart?arrow_forwardAll of the following are associated with the skin except _____. a. blood vessels b. a low surface density of putative pathogens c. specialized lymphoid tissues d. lymphatics e. an impenetrable physical barrier to microorganisms.arrow_forwardA young girl who had never been immunized to tetanus stepped on a rusty nail and got a deep puncture wound. The doctor cleaned out the wound and gave the child an injection of tetanus antitoxin. Why was antitoxin given instead of a booster shot of tetanus toxoid? If the girl receives no further treatment and steps on a rusty nail again 3 years later, will she be immune to tetanus?arrow_forward
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