COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135729458
Author: Bennett
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 48EAP
To determine
To Compare: The brown dwarfs with Jovian planets and stars.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Why are we unlikely to find Earth-like planets around halo stars in the Galaxy?
A. Halo stars formed in a different way from disk stars.
B. Planets around stars are known to be extremely rare.
C. Halo stars formed in an environment where there were few heavy elements to create rocky planets.
D. Halo stars do not have enough mass to hold onto planets.
Is the answer C? Since halo stars are formed early when the galaxy consisted of mainly hydrogen and helium, there are no heavier elements available to create Earth-like planets so just halo stars are formed?
Thanks!
Question.
Consider a spherical giant molecular cloud, of mass 2e30 kg and radius 3.09e16 m. What is the
shortest possible rotation period for this cloud (in years)?
Answer.
3.48e4
1.96e2
9.37e7
7.28e6
3. Brown dwarfs are ____. a. stars with a very thick dust sphere around them, so they appear “brown” b. low mass M type stars with hundreds of planets c. an anomaly because they are extremely small but have relatively high temperature d. protostars that could not ignite the fusion of hydrogen at their core e. has a surface temperature of 2500 K by fusing hydrogen
I asked this question onece already, but the answer I got said the answer was C because "AT 2700K THEY ARE HOT" or something to that effect. I tried to find a way to reply to that thread. My argument was that even if brown dwarfs were 2700k (and my book says that's closer to the temperature of red dwarfs and that brown dwarfs are usually around 1000K). Seeing that we are studying the life cycle and evolution of all stars, wouldn't either of those temperatures be on the relatively COOL side of all star temperatures? Wouldn't the most appropriate answer be D.?
Chapter 16 Solutions
COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 16 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 16 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 16 - Prob. 4VSCCh. 16 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 3EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 4EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 5EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 6EAP
Ch. 16 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 8EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 10EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 25EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 26EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 52EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 16 - Internal Temperature of the Sun. The Sun is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 57EAPCh. 16 - Angular Momentum of a Close Binary. Some close...Ch. 16 - Prob. 59EAP
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- How do we distinguish stars from brown dwarfs? How do we distinguish brown dwarfs from planets?arrow_forward9.Trappist 1 a small red dwarf ( M*-0.089) with R*=0.12, L*=0.000553 and T=2566. What in AU's is the 400 K radius? 10. If albedo = 0.3 there, what radius to get the same effective temperature if albedo =0.2?arrow_forwardAll massive main sequence stars reside in clouds of glowing gas. The four powerful stars in the center of the Orion Nebula are good examples. Lower mass stars like the Sun generally don't have clouds of gas around them. a. Why do powerful stars reside in gas clouds? b. What is making the gas glow exactly? For the last question, refer to the surface temperature of these stars, and to Wien's Law.arrow_forward
- Based on what you know about main-sequence stars, select all of the correct statements from the following list. 1. Since the interiors of stars cannot be observed, there are no theories about their structure. 2. More massive stars are hotter and brighter. 3. The weight of a star must be balanced by internal pressure. 4. More massive stars live longer; they take longer to use up all their energy. 5. Stars change position on the main sequence throughout their lives. 6. Outward energy flow in a star is by conduction only.arrow_forwardWhich of the following binary star systems cannot exist? A. A 1 solar-mass main sequence star and a 4 solar mass red giant with a size 100 times smaller than the orbital distance. B. A 15 solar-mass main sequence star and a 10 solar mass red giant with a size 100 times smaller than the orbital distance. C. A 1 solar-mass main sequence star and a 4 solar-mass main sequence star. D. A 2 solar-mass main sequence star and a 1 solar mass red giant with a size a few times smaller than the orbital distance.arrow_forwardChoose the correct statements from the following list referring to white dwarfs. (Give ALL correct answers, i.e. B, AB, BCD...) A) Stars with a mass like the Sun will end up as a white dwarf star. B) White dwarfs with mass greater than 1.4 times the Sun's mass cannot exist. C) White dwarfs are less dense than red giants. D) The pressure that balances gravity in a white dwarf is called degenerate electron pressure. E) White dwarfs cool slowly because they are small and eventually fade-out to become black dwarfs. F) The power source of white dwarfs is left-over heat. G) White dwarfs are the coolest main sequence stars.arrow_forward
- White Dwarf Size II. The white dwarf, Sirius B, contains 0.98 solar mass, and its density is about 2 x 106 g/cm?. Find the radius of the white dwarf in km to three significant digits. (Hint: Density = mass/volume, and the volume of a 4 sphere is Tr.) 3 km Compare your answer with the radii of the planets listed in the Table A-10. Which planet is this white dwarf is closely equal to in size? I Table A-10 I Properties of the Planets ORBITAL PROPERTIES Semimajor Axis (a) Orbital Period (P) Average Orbital Velocity (km/s) Orbital Inclination Planet (AU) (106 km) (v) (days) Eccentricity to Ecliptic Mercury 0.387 57.9 0.241 88.0 47.9 0.206 7.0° Venus 0.723 108 0.615 224.7 35.0 0.007 3.4° Earth 1.00 150 1.00 365.3 29.8 0.017 Mars 1.52 228 1.88 687.0 24.1 0.093 1.8° Jupiter 5.20 779 11.9 4332 13.1 0.049 1.30 Saturn 9.58 1433 29.5 10,759 9.7 0.056 2.5° 30,799 60,190 Uranus 19.23 2877 84.3 6.8 0.044 0.8° Neptune * By definition. 30.10 4503 164.8 5.4 0.011 1.8° PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (Earth = e)…arrow_forward1. A star with an original mass of 9MSun undergoes an active period where it experiences mass loss via a super-wind over 1.1 million years. Its new mass is 3MSun. What was the mass-loss rate each year the super-wind was active? (Enter your answer in MSun/yr.)arrow_forwardThe chemical abundance of population I stars a. indicates that they were formed before the population II stars. b. indicates that the material they formed from had been enriched with material from supernovae. c. indicates that they contain very few heavy metals compared to halo stars. d. depends on the temperature of the star. e. depends on the mass of the star.arrow_forward
- H5. A star with mass 1.05 M has a luminosity of 4.49 × 1026 W and effective temperature of 5700 K. It dims to 4.42 × 1026 W every 1.39 Earth days due to a transiting exoplanet. The duration of the transit reveals that the exoplanet orbits at a distance of 0.0617 AU. Based on this information, calculate the radius of the planet (expressed in Jupiter radii) and the minimum inclination of its orbit to our line of sight. Follow up observations of the star in part reveal that a spectral feature with a rest wavelength of 656 nm is redshifted by 1.41×10−3 nm with the same period as the observed transit. Assuming a circular orbit what can be inferred about the planet’s mass (expressed in Jupiter masses)?arrow_forwardMost stars close to the Sun are red dwarfs. What does this tell us about the average star formation event in our Galaxy?arrow_forwardWould you expect to find any white dwarfs in the Orion Nebula? (See The Birth of Stars and the Discovery of Planets outside the Solar System to remind yourself of its characteristics.) Why or why not?arrow_forward
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