Concept explainers
(a)
The natural Logarithm equilibrium constant for the reaction at
Compare the results for the values of
(a)
Answer to Problem 23P
The natural Logarithm equilibrium constant for the reaction at
The natural equilibrium constant obtained from the equilibrium constants of Table A-28 at 2
Explanation of Solution
Express the standard-state Gibbs function change.
Here, the Gibbs function of components
Write the equation to calculate the natural logarithms of equilibrium constant for the chemical equilibrium of ideal-gas mixtures.
Here, universal gas constant is
Conclusion:
From the equilibrium reaction, the values of
Refer Table A-26, obtain the values of
Substitute 1 for
Substitute
Thus, the equilibrium constant obtained from the equilibrium reaction at 298 K is
From table A-28, “Natural logarithms of the equilibrium constant” obtain the equilibrium constant for the reaction at the temperature of 298 K as
The value obtained for equilibrium constant at 298 K from the definition of the equilibrium constant is
(b)
The natural logarithm equilibrium constant for the reaction at 2000 K.
Compare the results for the values of
(b)
Answer to Problem 23P
The natural logarithm equilibrium constant for the reaction at 2000 K is
The natural Logarithm equilibrium constant obtained from the equilibrium constants of Table A-28 at 2000K is
Explanation of Solution
Express the standard-state Gibbs function change.
Here, the Gibbs function of components
Write the equation to calculate the natural logarithms of equilibrium constant for the chemical equilibrium of ideal-gas mixtures.
Here, universal gas constant is
Conclusion:
From the equilibrium reaction, the values of
Refer Table A-26, obtain the values of
Refer Table A-20, obtain the value of
Refer Table A-20, obtain the value of
Refer Table A-21, obtain the value of
Refer Table A-21, obtain the value of
Refer Table A-19, obtain the value of
Refer to Table A-19, obtain the value of
Substitute 1 for
Substitute
Thus, the natural logarithm equilibrium constant obtained from the equilibrium reaction at 2000K is
Refer Table A-28, “Natural logarithms of the equilibrium constant” obtain the equilibrium constant for the reaction by interpolating for the temperature of 2000 K as
The value obtained for equilibrium constant at 2000K from the definition of the equilibrium constant is
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 16 Solutions
THERMODYNAMICS
- Explain the liquid-vapor equilibrium of pure substances: properties of the two-phase mixture.arrow_forwardRelate the chemical equilibrium constant to the enthalpy of reaction.arrow_forwardConsider an unknown substance where the solid and liquid phases are at equilibriumwhen T = −50◦C, P = 20 atm and when T = −15◦C, P = 10 atm. (a) Calculate the slope of thesolid-liquid coexistence curve. (b) Determine whether or not the unknown substance expands orcontracts upon freezing. Give explicit equations to support your answer.arrow_forward
- With given elementary reaction 2A→B, the total order of the reaction is ____arrow_forwardUsing heats of formation tabulated in Appendix E, calculate the heats of reaction for the following.(a) C2H2(g) + 5/2 O2(g)→ 2 CO2(g) + H2O(e)(b) PC13(g) + CI2(g)→ PCI5(g)(c) C2H4(g) + H2O(g)→ C2H5OH(g)(d) Fe2O3(s) + 2 AI(s)→AI2O3(s)+2 Fe(e)arrow_forwardThe change in the molar volume accompanying fusion of solid benzene is 0.5 cm3 mol−1. Determine the change in Gibbs energy of fusion when the pressure is increased from 1 bar to 5000 bar.arrow_forward
- Thermodynamics mechanical engineering question: An equimolar mixture of CO and O₂ reacts to form an equilibrium mixture of CO₂, CO and O₂ at 3000 K, 5 atm. Determine the composition of equilibrium mixture. Will lowering the pressure while keeping the temperature fixed increase or decrease the amount of CO₂ present? Explain.arrow_forward6. A 100kg of commercial tungsten (C=138J/kg-K) at a temperature of 180°C and 45kg of diamond (C=520J/kg-K) at a temperature of 135°C_is placed inside an insulated container containing ice at freezing temperature. If heat is restricted to escape, determine the mass of the ice if the temperature of the mixture when equilibrium is attained is about 73.53•C. Draw a figure and explain each step solutionarrow_forwardThe heat of combustion of H2(g) to form H2O(l) under constant-pressure conditions is -285.83 kJ/mol at 25°C. If the water is formed at 1 bar and has a density of 1000 kg/m³, calculate the change in internal energy for this reactionA. -187 kJ/molB. -210 kJ/molC. -282 kJ/molD. -310 kJ/molarrow_forward
- A newly purchased container that has a capacity of 1 m³ contains a mixture of liquid and steam in equilibrium at a temperature of 601 K. The mass of the liquid is found to be 15 kg. Determine the quality of the mixture in %. Use steam tables of Keena et al.arrow_forwardThirty pounds of ice at 32OF is placed in 100 lbs of water at 100 O The latent heat of ice may be taken as 144 BTU per lb. If no heat is lost or added to the mixture, the temperature (in Farhenheit) when equilibrium is reached is: a. None of these b. 51 c. 48 d. 49 e. 50arrow_forwardajdkvjnfvdowejjerorhfiwjdpeiwhflnfecefhrvwcomwrovieoewormdpxecegmmnveocempvovrwmewmixcrmieprmvrmexewcrmprmiwvqieqvnroiwimcmmmdervcccc..1. If a dry gas is isothermally mixed with a liquid in a fixed volume, will the pressure remain constant with time? Explain. 2. If a dry gas is placed in contact with a liquid phase under conditions of constant pressure, and allowed to come to equilibrium, will a. the total pressure increase with time? ans. No, explain. b. the volume of the gas plus liquid vapor increase with time? ans. Yes, explain. c. the temperature increase with time? ans. No, explain djscnufieicnwcoirvuneoxudcoeirnuoicmfgverccocnimeoevnicrmeo,xcmworcimwocivnrieoivuenvuuewuvocurcedcnemiwrvmigmociociccwcew..... ANSWER ALL THE ITEMS.arrow_forward
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY