(a)
The equilibrium composition of product gases.
(a)
Answer to Problem 37P
Thus, the equilibrium composition of mixture of
Explanation of Solution
Write the expression for the volume of oxygen used per lbmol of carbon monoxide
Here, gas constant is R, temperature is T, and pressure is P.
Calculate the mass flow rate of carbon monoxide
Here, volume flow rate of carbon monoxide is
Calculate the molar air fuel ratio
Here, number of moles of oxygen is
Express the stoichiometric reaction for the dissociation process.
From the stoichiometric reaction, infer that the stoichiometric coefficient for carbon monoxide
Express the actual reaction for the dissociation process.
From the actual reaction, infer that the equilibrium composition contains x amount of carbon dioxide
Express the formula for total number of moles
Here, number of moles of carbon dioxide is
Write the expression for the equilibrium constant
Conclusion:
Substitute
Substitute
Substitute
Substitute xfor
Convert the temperature unit from Rankine to Kelvin.
Refer table A-28, “natural logarithm of equilibrium constants”, select the value of
Substitute
Solve the equation and find the value of x as 0.9966.
Substitute 0.9966 for x in Equation (V).
Thus, the equilibrium composition of mixture of
(b)
The rate of heat transfer from the combustion chamber
(b)
Answer to Problem 37P
The rate of heat transfer from the combustion chamber is
Explanation of Solution
Write the expression for the energy balance equation for the combustion process.
Here, heat released during combustion is
Write the expression for the mass flow rate of CO
Write the expression for the rate of heat transfer
Conclusion:
Refer Table A-26, “Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs function of formation, and absolute entropy at
778F, 1 atm”, select the enthalpy of
Refer Table A-21, “Ideal-gas properties of carbon monoxide”, obtain the following properties of
Enthalpy of
Enthalpy of
Enthalpy of
Use interpolation to get the Enthalpy of water vapor at 3600 K
Here, Enthalpy of
Substitute
Refer Table A-26, “Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs function of formation, and absolute entropy at
778F, 1 atm”, select the enthalpy of
Refer Table A-20, ‘Ideal gas properties of carbon dioxide’ find out the following enthalpies at different temperature.
Enthalpy of
Enthalpy of
Enthalpy of
Similarly, use interpolation and obtain the enthalpy of
Refer Table A-26, “Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs function of formation, and absolute entropy at
778F, 1 atm”, select the enthalpy of
Refer Table A-19, ‘Ideal gas properties of oxygen’, choose the enthalpy at the following temperatures.
Enthalpy of
Enthalpy of
Enthalpy of
Similarly, use interpolation and obtain the enthalpy of
Substitute
Substitute
Substitute
Thus, the rate of heat transfer is
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 16 Solutions
THERMODYNAMICS (LL)-W/ACCESS >IP<
- Determine the lower heating value of methane if its higher heating value (HHV) is 23,880Btu/lbmarrow_forwardThe Ostwald process is used commercially to produce nitric acid, which is, in turn, used in many modern chemical processes. In the first step of the Ostwald process, ammonia is reacted with oxygen gas to produce nitric oxide and water. What is the maximum mass of H2OH2O that can be produced by combining 79.3 g79.3 g of each reactant? 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)⟶4NO(g)+6H2O(g)arrow_forwardThe volumetric analysis of a mixture of gases is 30 percent oxygen, 40 percent nitrogen, 10 percent carbon dioxide, and 20 percent methane. Calculate the apparent specific heats and molecular weight of this mixture of gases.arrow_forward
- A) a typical home water heater contains 40 gallons of water. How much heat (in kJ) is required to heat the 40 gallons of water (1 gallon=3.78 liters from room temperature 68F to 122F b) If the water is heated by combustion of natural gas (CH4) with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and steam, how many moles of natural gas must be burned to heat the water in the water heater? (First write the balanced chemical reaction and calculate the delta H of the reaction. c) Would a furnace burning natural gas be more efficient if the water produced was liquid instead of steam? Why?arrow_forwardAt what temperature will the gaseous phase of an oxygen–nitrogen mixture at 100 kPa have a nitrogen mole fraction of 30 percent? What is the mass fraction of the oxygen in the liquid phase at this temperature?arrow_forwardPropane and methane are commonly used for heating in winter, and the leakage of these fuels, even for short periods, poses a fire danger for homes.arrow_forward
- A pipe fitted with a closed valve connects two tanks. One tank contains a 5-kg mixture of 62.5 percent CO2 and 37.5 percent O2 on a mole basis at 30°C and 125 kPa. The second tank contains 10 kg of N2 at 15°C and 200 kPa. The valve in the pipe is opened and the gases are allowed to mix. During the mixing process 100 kJ of heat energy is supplied to the combined tanks. The temperature of the mixture after mixing process is 39.4oC. Draw the schematic diagram of the system and all the data displayed on it. List all the appropriate assumption before analyzing the problem. Use subscript ‘m’ to designate mixture. After mixing process, determine (a) the total volume of the mixture and (b) the final pressure of the mixture. Consult the appropriate property tables for the molar masses and gas constants of the constituent gases from the separate PDF file provided on the portal.arrow_forwardLiquid propane (C 3 H 8 ) enters a combustion chamber at 25 °C at a rate of 0.05 kg/min where it is mixed and burned with theoretical air that enters the combustion chamber at 7 °C. an analysis of combustion gases reveals that all the hydrogen in the fuel burns to H 2 O but only but only 90% of carbon burn to CO 2 with the remaining 10% forming Co if the exit temperature of combustion gases is 1500 K (a) the mass flow rate of air and (b) the rate of heat transfer from the combustion chamberarrow_forwardThe change in the molar volume accompanying fusion of solid benzene is 0.5 cm3 mol−1. Determine the change in Gibbs energy of fusion when the pressure is increased from 1 bar to 5000 bar.arrow_forward
- The standard enthalpy of formation of solid barium oxide, BaO, is –553.5 kJ/mol, andthe standard enthalpy of formation of barium peroxide, BaO2, is –634.3 kJ/mol.(a) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the following reaction. Is the reactionexothermic or endothermic?2 BaO2(s) → 2 BaO(s) + O2(g)(b) Draw an energy level diagram that shows the relationship between the enthalpychange of the decomposition of BaO2, to BaO and O2, and the enthalpies of formationof BaO2(s) and BaO2(s)arrow_forwardA pipe fitted with a closed valve connects two tanks. One tank contains a 5-kg mixture of62.5 percent CO2 and 37.5 percent O2 on a mole basis at 30°C and 125 kPa. The secondtank contains 10 kg of N2 at 15°C and 200 kPa. The valve in the pipe is opened and thegases are allowed to mix. During the mixing process 100 kJ of heat energy is supplied tothe combined tanks. The temperature of the mixture after mixing process is 39.4C. Drawthe schematic diagram of the system and all the data displayed on it. List all the appropriate assumption before analysing the problem. Use subscript ‘m’ to designate mixture. After mixing process, determine (a) the total volume of the mixture and (b) the final pressureof the mixture. Consult the appropriate property tables for the molar masses and gas constants of the constituent gases from the separate PDF file provided on the portal.arrow_forwardRefrigerant 134a (R134a) is in vapor/liquid equilibrium at 200 K. The saturation pressure is 7.0282 bar, the enthalpy of the saturated liquid is 107.39 kJ/kg and the enthalpy of the saturated vapor is 353.06 kJ/kg. Compute the entropy of vaporization in units of kJ/(kg K). Report your answer using three decimal places.arrow_forward
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY