EBK BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS
9th Edition
ISBN: 8220100477805
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 17, Problem 10SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Clade refers to a group whose members share one or more defining derived characteristics or traits.
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______ is a way of reconstructing evolutionary history based on derived characters. a. Cladistics c. Convergent evolution b. Linnaean taxonomy d. Divergent evolution
Constructing a cladogram______ . a. may involve parsimony analysis b. helps us rank species into taxa c. reveals convergent structures d. is a necessary part of DNA barcoding
The evolution of various life forms on Earth is summarized in ________.
a.
the binomial naming system
b.
phylogenetic trees
c.
the taxonomic classification system
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EBK BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS
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- The word “theory” in theory of evolution is best replaced by ________. a. fact b. hypothesis c. idea d. alternate explanationarrow_forwardWhich of the following most likely demonstrates that classification is the basis of evolutionary relatedness? A. Organisms that share similar characteristics are impliedly understood to have common ancestors, thus having an evolutionary relationship. B. Classification is to organize organisms into groups based on their differences and similarities and evolutionary history, so as evolution changes, classification will also change C. Classification based on evolutionary relatedness always infer that all organisms that evolved similarly shares the same history. D. Homologous structures among organisms depicts the same evolutionary history or paths.arrow_forwardThe principle of parsimony a. helps evolutionary biologists distinguish among competing phylogenetic hypotheses. b. does not require that the polarity of traits be determined. c. is a way to avoid having to use outgroups in a phylogenetic analysis. d. cannot be applied to molecular traits.arrow_forward
- a. What did Darwin's travels reveal to him about the number and variety of living species? b. How did tortoises and birds differ among the islands of the Galapagos? c. What is evolution? Why is referred to as a theory? d. Darwin found fossils of many organisms that were different from any living species. How would this finding has affecting his understanding of lifes diversity?arrow_forward1. The image above (i.e., Figure A in the supplemental file) depicts which type of evolutionary event? a. Anagenesis b. Cladogenesis c. Macroevolution d. Both A & C e. Both B & C B® W о HITSarrow_forwardRapid rates of character change relative to the rate of speciation pose a problem for cladistics because a. the frequency with which distantly related species evolve the same derived character state may be high. b. evolutionary reversals may occur frequently. c. homoplasy will be common. d. All of the choices are correct.arrow_forward
- Through______ , a body part of an ancestor is modified differently in different lines of descent. a. homologous evolution c. analogous evolution b. convergent evolution d. divergent evolutionarrow_forwardThe image above (i.e., Figure A in the supplemental file) depicts which type of evolutionary event? O a. Anagenesis O b. Cladogenesis c. Macroevolution O d. Both A & C Oe. Both B & Carrow_forwardTRUE FALSE a. Natural selection is one of the foundations of Darwinism. b. The transmission of acquired traits is one of the foundations of Darwinism c. In phenetics only the monophyletic groups are valid d. The Linnaeus classification of plants is phylogenetic e. A monophyletic group is characterized by one or more synapomorphiesarrow_forward
- A good “phylogenetic” species is one that is A. The smallest diagnosable cluster of organisms within which there is a pattern of ancestry and descent B. The most inclusive population of individuals having the potential for phenotypic cohesion through intrinsic cohesion mechanisms. C. Morphologically distinctive from other groups of organisms D. An actually or potentially interbreeding group that is reproductively isolated from other such groups.arrow_forwardBiological evolution is best defined as A. the process of direct observation B. unchanging nature of life on earth C. change in a populations' genetic charteristics over time D. adaptations to common decentarrow_forwardThe presence or absence of a trait of interest in a lineage is said to be an uninformative character for a phylogenetic reconstruction when the number of changes for that trait - A. occurs only in the outgroup and in one ingroup species. B. is the same for any hypothetical tree. C. is always different for any hypothetical tree. D. occurs only in the outgroup but not in any ingroup species.arrow_forward
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Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license