Concept explainers
(a)
The electric forces on the electron and on the proton.
(a)
Answer to Problem 126P
The electric force on the electron is
Explanation of Solution
Write the equation for the magnitude of the electric force using Coulomb’s law.
Here,
Conclusion:
The value of
Substitute
The force on electron will be toward the proton and the force on proton will be toward the electron.
Therefore, the electric force on the electron is
(b)
The electron’s acceleration and speed.
(b)
Answer to Problem 126P
The electron’s acceleration is
Explanation of Solution
The electric force is the net force acting on the electron.
Write the equation for the net force.
Here,
Rewrite the above equation for
The net force provides the centripetal force for the motion of the electron.
Write the equation for the centripetal force on the electron.
Here,
Equate equations (II) and (IV) and rewrite it for
Conclusion:
The mass of electron is
Substitute
Substitute
Therefore, the electron’s acceleration is
(c)
The minimum amount of energy required to ionize the atom if it stars in the ground state.
(c)
Answer to Problem 126P
The minimum amount of energy required to ionize the atom if it stars in the ground state is
Explanation of Solution
The minimum energy required to ionize the atom will be equal to the total energy of the atom. The total energy of the atom is the sum of the kinetic energy of the electron and the electric potential energy of the atom.
Write the equation for the total energy of atom.
Here,
Write the equation for
Write the equation for
Conclusion:
Substitute
Substitute
Substitute
Therefore, the minimum amount of energy required to ionize the atom if it stars in the ground state is
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Physics
- In a vacuum, an electron and a positron are released from rest, with only the electrostatic force working. Describes what happens to their (a) displacement, (b) instantaneous velocities, (c) instantaneous accelerations, and (d) instantaneous kinetic energy values when they are released across time.arrow_forwardwhy u is equal to infinity?arrow_forwardA proton initially moves left to right long the x axis at a speed of 9,070 m/s. It moves into an electric field, which points in the negative x direction, and travels a distance of 0.7 m before coming to rest. If the proton's mass and charge are 1.67 × 10−27 kg and 1.60 × 10−19 C respectively, what is the magnitude of the electric field?arrow_forward
- In the simple Bohr model of the ground state of the hydrogen atom, the electron travels in a circular orbit around a fixed proton. The radius of the orbit is 5.281011m , and the speed of the electron is 2.18106m/s . The mass of an electron is 9.111031kg . What is the force on the electron?arrow_forwardA charged particle moves along a straight line in a uniform electric field E with a speed v. If the motion and the electric field are both in the x direction, (a) show that the magnitude of the acceleration of the charge q is given by a=dvdt=qEm(1v2c2)3/2 (b) Discuss the significance of the dependence of the acceleration on the speed. (c) If the particle starts from rest at x = 0 at t = 0, find the speed of the particle and its position after a time t has elapsed. Comment on the limiting values of v and x as t .arrow_forwardThe particle shown below is at rest, where F = 65N and o = 37.4 deg Find the magnitudes of F_{1} and F_{2}arrow_forward
- Astronomers have recently discovered a new planet in a faraway solar system with a radius of roughly 395 km.395 km. Spectroscopic results indicate that the atmosphere, whose height is much smaller than the planet's radius, is largely argon, making the discovery truly controversial. Experts have deduced that argon is unlikely to be generated from the planet itself, therefore it is assumed that the argon in the atmosphere was created at the inception of the planet and is completely contained by its gravitational attraction. However, wide disagreement abounds about the composition of the planet. The surface of the planet is clearly composed of aluminum oxide, but some astronomers claim that this aluminum oxide is only a thin crust and that the planet is mostly iron. Given that the atmospheric temperature is 512 ∘C,512 ∘C, calculate the minimum density ?ρ of the planet so that its atmosphere could contain argon atoms. The molar mass of argon is 39.948 g/mol39.948 g/mol and the…arrow_forwardAssuming that an infinitely long line charge of 50(pC/m) parallel to the y-axis at x=2(m) and z=1(m), determine the electric intensity at the point (-1, 5, -3).arrow_forwardThe electric field is zero everywhere except in the region 0≤x≤4.00 cm, where there is a uniform electric field of 110 N/C in the +y direction. A proton is moving in the +x direction with a speed of v = 1.00×10^6 m/s. When the proton passes through the region 0≤x≤4.00 cm, the electric field exerts a force on it. 1)When the x coordinate of the proton’s position is 4.00 cm, what is the x component of its velocity? (Express your answer to three significant figures.) 2)When the x coordinate of the proton’s position is 4.00 cm, what is the y component of its velocity?(Express your answer to three significant figures.) 3)When the x coordinate of its position equals 10.0 cm, what is the y component of its velocity? (Express your answer to three significant figures.)arrow_forward
- An old model of a hydrogen atom has the charge +e of the proton uniformly distributed over a sphere of radius a0, with the electron of charge -e and mass m at its center. (a) What would then be the force on the electron if it were displaced from the center by a distance r # a0? (b) What would be the angular frequency of oscillation of the electron about the center of the atom once the electron was released?arrow_forwardIf two protons are traveling parallel to each other in the same direction andat the same speed, Is the net force between them(a) attractive or (b) repulsive?ANSWER: ______________________________________(EXPLAIN YOUR OPTION IN ONE SENTENCE ONLY)arrow_forwardAt which of the labeled points will an electron have the greatest potential energy?arrow_forward
- University Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice UniversityModern PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781111794378Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. MoyerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399944Author:Michael A. SeedsPublisher:Cengage LearningFoundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399920Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage Learning