HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY: AN INTEG ACCESS C
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134714837
Author: Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 36RQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The vital capacity, total lung capacity, functional residual capacity, and residual volume of an individual.
Introduction: The functional residual capacity is the sum of expiratory reserve volume and residual volume. Residual is the amount of air left in the lungs following a maximal exhalation.
Summary Introduction
To predict: The vital capacity of a 70-year-old individual.
Introduction: Vital capacity refers to the maximum amount of air that can be voluntarily moved in and out of the respiratory system.
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Compare tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, inspiratory reserve volume, residual volume, vital capacity, total lung capacity, inspiratory capacity, and functional residual capacity. List the average values for each volume and capacity.
answer in paragraph form 150 word limit
Define the following term below or on a separate document resting tidal volume expiratory reserve volume residual volume inspiratory reserve volume vital capacity total lung capacity *Include in your definition normal volumes for males and females. These can be found in your textbook*
The following spirogram shows a person's respiratory volumes as measured by a spirometer. The tracing began with resting, unforced breathing for the first 25 seconds, then
forced breathing to measure vital capacities. Based on these results, this individual's residual volume is:
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Chapter 17 Solutions
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY: AN INTEG ACCESS C
Ch. 17.1 - What is the difference between cellular...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17.1 - Name the components (including muscles) of the...Ch. 17.1 - Which air passages of the respiratory system are...Ch. 17.1 - Cigarette smoking paralyzes cilia in the airways...Ch. 17.1 - Is blood flow through the pulmonary trunk greater...Ch. 17.1 - A person has left ventricular failure but normal...Ch. 17.1 - Calculate the mean pressure in a person whose...Ch. 17.2 - If nitrogen is 78% of atmospheric air, what is the...Ch. 17.2 - The partial pressure of water vapor in inspired...
Ch. 17.3 - How are lung volumes related to lung capacities?Ch. 17.3 - Which lung volume cannot be measured directly?Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 13CCCh. 17.3 - As inhaled air becomes humidified passing down the...Ch. 17.3 - Compare the direction of air movement during one...Ch. 17.3 - Explain the relationship between the lungs, the...Ch. 17.3 - Scarlett OHara is trying to squeeze herself into a...Ch. 17.3 - Why would loss of the ability to cough increase...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 19CCCh. 17.3 - A stabbing victim is brought to the emergency room...Ch. 17.3 - In a normal person, which contributes more to the...Ch. 17.3 - Coal miners who spend years inhaling fine coal...Ch. 17.3 - How does the work required for breathing change...Ch. 17.3 - A cancerous lung tumor has grown into the walls of...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 25CCCh. 17.3 - Prob. 26CCCh. 17.3 - Restrictive lung diseases decrease lung...Ch. 17.3 - Chronic obstructive lung disease causes patients...Ch. 17 - List four functions of the respiratory system.Ch. 17 - Give two definitions for the word respiration.Ch. 17 - Which sets of muscles are used for normal quiet...Ch. 17 - Give two functions of pleural fluid.Ch. 17 - Name the anatomical structures that an oxygen...Ch. 17 - Diagram the structure of an alveolus, and state...Ch. 17 - Trace the path of the pulmonary circulation. About...Ch. 17 - What happens to inspired air as it is conditioned...Ch. 17 - During inspiration, most of the thoracic volume...Ch. 17 - Prob. 10RQCh. 17 - Refer to the spirogram in the following figure: a....Ch. 17 - Of the three factors that contribute to the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 13RQCh. 17 - What is the function of surfactants in general? In...Ch. 17 - Prob. 15RQCh. 17 - Prob. 16RQCh. 17 - Prob. 17RQCh. 17 - Compile the following terms into a map of...Ch. 17 - Decide whether each of the following parameters...Ch. 17 - Prob. 20RQCh. 17 - The cartoon coyote is blowing up a balloon in...Ch. 17 - Match the descriptions to the appropriate phase(s)...Ch. 17 - Draw and label a graph showing the PO2 of air in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 24RQCh. 17 - Prob. 25RQCh. 17 - A student breathes at a rate of 20 breaths/min,...Ch. 17 - Prob. 27RQCh. 17 - Prob. 28RQCh. 17 - Assume a normal female has a resting tidal volume...Ch. 17 - Prob. 30RQCh. 17 - Prob. 31RQCh. 17 - Prob. 32RQCh. 17 - Prob. 33RQCh. 17 - Prob. 34RQCh. 17 - Prob. 35RQCh. 17 - Prob. 36RQ
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- The average compliance of the lungs and chest wall combined is 0.1 L/cm H2O. 0.2 L/cm H2O 0.3 L/cm H2O 0.4 L/cm H2Oarrow_forwardThe volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation is the IRV FRC FVC ERVarrow_forwardThe total lung capacity is calculated using which of the following formulas? residual volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume residual volume + expiratory reserve volume + inspiratory reserve volume expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume residual volume + expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volumearrow_forward
- The following spirogram shows a person's respiratory volumes as measured by a spirometer. The tracing began with resting, unforced breathing for the first 25 seconds, then forced breathing to measure vital capacities. Based on these results, this individual's inspiratory reserve volume is: Volume (mL) 5500 3000 2400 1200 O 4300 mL O 2500 mL 3100 mL 600 mL 1200 mL Mw W 10 30 40 50 Time (sec) Marrow_forwardPercentage is incorrect To determine the percentage of oxygen‑carrying capacity that she utilizes, calculate the difference between the fractional saturation of the lungs and the fractional saturation of the tissues.arrow_forwardUsing the following lung volumes, calculate this persons FEV1 / FVC ratio. What this person's pulmonary function be clinically classified: normal, obstructive, or restricted? TLC = 5.2 L FVC = 3.8 TV = 0.5 L ERV = 1.1 L IRV = 2.2 L This person forcefully expired 2.4 L in one second. according to reference material, normal VC for this person is 3.6 L.arrow_forward
- Calculate the alveolar ventilation rate for a patient with the following values. (Indicate only the numerical value of your answer. Assume units of mL/min.) Tidal volume = 500 mL Functional residual capacity = 2,000 mL Total lung capacity = 5,500 mL Respiratory rate = 15 breaths/minute Physiologic dead space = 150 mLarrow_forwardUsing the values provided in the table, calculate respiratory rate and MVV.arrow_forwardWhat is your Minute Respiratory Volume (MRV)? MRV = TV (avg) X # respiration/minute MRV = ______ average TV in ml X _______ respiration/minute = __________ml/min Explain why we use the average tidal volume but the highest vital capacity:arrow_forward
- Calculate Tidal Volume, Residual Volume, Expiratory Reserve Volume, and Inspiratory Reserve Volume using the volumes below. TLC=TV+IRV+RV+ERV Inspiratory Capacity IC=TV+IRV Vital Capacity VC=ERV+TV+IRV Functional Residual Capacity FRC=ERV+RV Tidal Volume: 500 ml Residual Volume: 1100 ml Functional Residual Capacity: 1800 ml Total Lung Capacity: 4200 mlarrow_forwardTo determine the possible obstruction of the airway, a FEV may be measured using a spirometer. Under normal circumstances, a healthy adult can expel 75% to 85% of the vital capacity in 1.0 second (FEV1). Predict how this would change in a person who has asthma and explain the reason why.arrow_forwardGive the equation for total lung capacity. A Total lung capacity = tidal volume + residual volume B Total lung capacity = expiratory reserve volume + inspiratory reserve volume C Total lung capacity = tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume D Total lung capacity = inspiratory reserve volume + vital capacity E Total lung capacity = vital capacity + residual volumearrow_forward
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