(a)
Interpretation: The Given compounds can be prepared using a Reformatsky reaction has to be described.
Concept introduction: An
On acidic hydrolysis of ester, the carboxylic acid can be obtained. To remove a molecule of water, the
(b)
Interpretation: The Given compounds can be prepared using a Reformatsky reaction has to be described.
Concept introduction: An aldehyde or ketone is reacted with an organozinc reagent. The organozinc reagent is added to the carbonyl of aldehyde. The final product on hydrolysis is required
On acidic hydrolysis of ester, the carboxylic acid can be obtained. To remove a molecule of water, the
(c)
Interpretation: The Given compounds can be prepared using a Reformatsky reaction has to be described.
Concept introduction: An aldehyde or ketone is reacted with an organozinc reagent. The organozinc reagent is added to the carbonyl of aldehyde. The final product on hydrolysis is required
On acidic hydrolysis of ester, the carboxylic acid can be obtained. To remove a molecule of water, the
(d)
Interpretation: The Given compounds can be prepared using a Reformatsky reaction has to be described.
Concept introduction: An aldehyde or ketone is reacted with an organozinc reagent. The organozinc reagent is added to the carbonyl of aldehyde. The final product on hydrolysis is required
On acidic hydrolysis of ester, the carboxylic acid can be obtained. To remove a molecule of water, the
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ORGANIC CHEM.-S.M.+STD.GDE(LL)-W/ACCESS
- a. What carboxylic acid is formed when the malonic ester synthesis is carried out with one equivalent of malonic ester, one equivalent of 1,5-dibromopentane, and two equivalents of base?b. What carboxylic acid is formed when the malonic ester synthesis is carried out with two equivalents of malonic ester, one equivalent of1,5-dibromopentane, and two equivalents of base?arrow_forwardDefine the mechanism for the reaction between an ester and a grignard reagent ?arrow_forwardRank the following esters in order of decreasing reactivity in the first slow step of a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction (formation of the tetrahedral intermediate):Rank the same esters in order of decreasing reactivity in the second slow step of a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction (collapse of the tetrahedral intermediate).arrow_forward
- Acetals are often prepared during the synthetic sequence to protect the carbonyl group of an aldehyde or ketone. Such an acetal is not reactive to each of the following reagents except: a.) LiAlH4 b.) PCC(Collins) c.) H3O+ d.) RMgBr e.) NaOHarrow_forwardThe reagent is a Grignard reagent and is a source of CH3CH2- anions. Which epoxide carbon will the nucleophile add? The product should be an alcohol.arrow_forwardAmino acids can be prepared by the reaction of alkyl halides with diethyl acetamidomalonate, followed by heating the initial alkylation product with aqueous HCl. The reaction to form alanine involves the following steps: Reaction of diethyl acetamidomalonate with sodium ethoxide to form enolate anion 1; The enolate anion acts as a nucleophile in an SN2 reaction with alkyl iodide 2 to form alkylated intermediate 2; Heating in the presence of aqueous acid hydrolyzes both the ester and the amide bonds, and induces decarboxylation to form alanine. Draw the structure of enolate anion 1.arrow_forward
- Which solvent would make the bromination through electrophilic aromatic substitution faster? Pentane Toluene Propanoic acid Petroleum etherarrow_forwardButanone undergoes a nucleophilic addition with a Grignard reagent made from 1-bromopropane and magnesium metal in THF solution. The alkoxide formed from the nucleophilic addition is then conveted into the final product by the careful addition of dilute acid. Complete the mechanism by following the instructions provided for each step. Step 1. Nucleophilic Addition in THFarrow_forwardThe Baylis–Hillman reaction is a DABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) catalyzed reaction of an a,b-unsaturated carbonyl compound with an aldehyde to form an allylic alcohol. Propose a mechanism for the reaction. (Hint: DABCO serves as both a nucleophile and as a base in the reaction.)arrow_forward
- Fill in the appropriate reagents for the following reaction:arrow_forwardWhen a cyclic ketone reacts with diazomethane, the next larger cyclic ketone is formed. This is called a ring-expansion reaction. Draw a mechanism for the following ring-expansion reaction.arrow_forwardWhat is the importance of proton transfer in the formation of ester? A.The carbonyl carbon is easily attacked by the nucleophile. B. The oxygen that has been attached to the two alkyl groups will become stable. C. The removal of a bulky substituent attached to the reactive site stabilizes the compound. D. none of the abovearrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning