Physics for Scientists and Engineers
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781429281843
Author: Tipler
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Question
Chapter 17, Problem 73P
(a)
To determine
The reason behind cooling of the water droplet.
(b)
To determine
The rate of change of evaporation.
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What, according to the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution, is the proportion of gas molecules having (i) more than, (ii) less than the root mean square speed? (iii) What are the proportions having speeds greater and smaller than the mean speed?
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If the atmosphere is isotropic (the same temperature) at 293 K, how high will a balloon rise if, at the ground, its temperature is 294 K? Like the balloon in class, the balloon, itself, is massless (though the air inside is not), and has no resistance to expansion.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
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Similar questions
- Consider the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function plotted in Problem 28. For those parameters, determine the rms velocity and the most probable speed, as well as the values of f(v) for each of these values. Compare these values with the graph in Problem 28. 28. Plot the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function for a gas composed of nitrogen molecules (N2) at a temperature of 295 K. Identify the points on the curve that have a value of half the maximum value. Estimate these speeds, which represent the range of speeds most of the molecules are likely to have. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. Equation 20.18 can be used to find the rms velocity given the temperature, Boltzmanns constant, and the mass of the atom or molecule. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. vrms=3kBTm=3(1.381023J/K)4.681026kg=511m/s Using the results of Problem 28 and the rms velocity, we can calculate the value of f(v). f(vrms) = (3.11 108)(511)2 e(5.75106(511)2) = 0.00181 The most probable speed, for which this function has its maximum value, is given by Equation 20.20. vmp=2kBTm=2(1.381023J/K)(295K)4.681026kg=417m/s f(vmp) = (3.11108)(417)2 e(5.75106(417)2) = 0.00199 We plot these points on the speed distribution. The most probable speed is indeed at the peak of the distribution function. Since the function is not symmetric, the rms velocity is somewhat higher than the most probable speed. Figure P20.29ANSarrow_forwardCheck Your Understanding If you consider a very small object, such as a grain of pollen, in a gas, then the number of molecules striking its surface would also be relatively small. Would you expect the grain of pollen to experience any fluctuations in pressure due to statistical fluctuations in the number of gas molecules striking it in a given amount of time?arrow_forwardIf two thermometers, one reading in oC and the other on K, are inserted in the same system, under the circumstances will they both have the same numerical reading? What will be the system’s temperature when the absolute thermometer reads twice the numerical reading of the Celsius thermometer?arrow_forward
- So each four dot shows four different states for an ideal gas. P is the pressure and the other one is the density of the gas. Is temperature of state 1 less or greater than the state 2? Can you please explain why?arrow_forwardDoes the temperature in the Clausius inequality relation have to be absolute temperature? Why?arrow_forwardWhat does it mean if the fugacity coefficient is greater than or less than 1? How do I measure the degree of deviation of real gases using the compressibility factor?arrow_forward
- The best laboratory vacuum pump can generate a vacuum of about 1nTorr (10^-9 Torr). At 25°C and assuming that air consists of N_2 molecules with a collision diameter of 395 pm, calculate... (b) the mean free path,arrow_forwardSuppose that the rms speed of carbon dioxide molecules, with molar mass of 44.0 g/mol, in a flame is found to be 1.25 × 105 m/s. A) What tempature in kelvins does this representarrow_forwardCalculate the rms speed of helium atoms near the surface of the Sun at a temperature of about 5300 K . Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.arrow_forward
- Suppose that the rms speed of carbon dioxide molecules, with molar mass of 44.0 g/mol, in a flame is found to be 1.2 × 105 m/s. a. What temperature, in kelvins, does this represent?arrow_forwardUse the Maxwell distribution to calculate the average value of v2 for the molecules in an ideal gas. Check that your answer agrees with equation 6.41 (Attached).arrow_forwardSuppose you are in a room that is at a temperature of 293.02K. What is the approximate RMS velocity of an O2 molecule in this room (in units of meters per second)?arrow_forward
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