Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260432145
Author: Thomas T Arny, Stephen E Schneider Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 17, Problem 9P
To determine
The amount of dark matter contained in the galaxies, and the percentage of total mass.
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A Type la supernova explodes in a galaxy at a
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In the reading, you were told that there were roughly 10,000 galaxies in the image of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field alone. The image is roughly 10 square arcminutes and there are roughly 1.5*10^8 square arcminutes composing the entire sky. With that in mind and assuming that the Hubble Ultra Deep Field represents an average part of the sky, roughly how many galaxies may exist in the observable universe? (Please include commas for every factor of 1,000; for example 2,343,567,890)
Pretend that galaxies are spaced evenly, 7.0 Mpc apart, and the average mass of a galaxy is 1.0 ✕ 1011 M. What is the average density (in kg/m3) of matter in the universe? (Note: The volume of a sphere is 4/3pieR^3 and the mass of the sun is 2.0 ✕ 1030 kg.)
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
Ch. 17 - Prob. 1QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 2QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 3QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 4QFRCh. 17 - (17.3) Why are galaxy collisions of interest?Ch. 17 - Prob. 6QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 7QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 8QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 9QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 10QFR
Ch. 17 - Prob. 11QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 12QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 13QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 14QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 15QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 16QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 17QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 18QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 19QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 20QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 21QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 22QFRCh. 17 - Prob. 1TQCh. 17 - Prob. 2TQCh. 17 - Prob. 3TQCh. 17 - Prob. 4TQCh. 17 - Prob. 5TQCh. 17 - Prob. 6TQCh. 17 - Prob. 1PCh. 17 - Prob. 2PCh. 17 - Prob. 3PCh. 17 - Prob. 4PCh. 17 - Prob. 5PCh. 17 - Prob. 6PCh. 17 - Prob. 7PCh. 17 - Prob. 8PCh. 17 - Prob. 9PCh. 17 - Prob. 10PCh. 17 - Prob. 1TYCh. 17 - Prob. 2TYCh. 17 - Prob. 3TYCh. 17 - Prob. 4TYCh. 17 - Prob. 5TYCh. 17 - Prob. 6TYCh. 17 - Prob. 7TYCh. 17 - Prob. 8TYCh. 17 - Prob. 9TYCh. 17 - Prob. 10TY
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- Most distances in the Galaxy are measured in light-years instead of meters. Why do you think this is the case?arrow_forwardFigure 2 shows the "rotation curve" of NGC 2742. It plots the “radial velocity (V)" (how fast material is moving either toward or away from us) that is measured for objects at different distances (R = radius") from the center of the galaxy. The center of the galaxy is at 0 kpc (kiloparsecs) with a speed of 9 km/sec away from us. (These velocities have been corrected for the observed tilt of the galaxy and represent true orbital velocities of the stars and gas.) 200 100 U4779 -100 As you can see, one side of the galaxy is moving with a negative velocity (spinning toward us), while the other side has a positive velocity (spinning away from us). Using Newton's gravity equation, we will be able to determine the gravitational mass of the entire galaxy and how the mass varies versus distance from the galaxy's center. -200 -8 8 -4 Radius (kpc) Read the following text carefully and follow the instructions: Select five radii spaced evenly from 0-10 kpc across the galaxy. Your selections should…arrow_forwardThe density profile of a galaxy's extended dark matter halo is given in the provided image. r0 and ρ0 are both constant. r is the distance from the center of the halo. Find the mass of dark matter inside a sphere with radius R around the center.arrow_forward
- If the active core of a galaxy contains a black hole of 106 MSun , what will the orbital distance be (in km) for matter orbiting the black hole with an orbital period of 1 hour?arrow_forwardAstronomers estimate the mass of the stars in a certain galaxy to be about 3.0e40 kg, and the total mass of this galaxy to be about 1.2e41 kg. The amount of the galaxy’s mass is made up of dark matter is_____ percent.arrow_forwardWhat is the unified model for active galaxies?arrow_forward
- what is the difference between an E0 galaxy and an E1 galaxy?arrow_forwardPretend that galaxies are spaced evenly, 2.0 Mpc apart, and the average mass of a galaxy is 1.0 x 1011 Mo: What is the average density (in kg/m3) of matter in the universe? (ote: The volume of a sphere is , and the mass of the sun is 2.0 x 1030 kg.) kg/m3arrow_forwardIf the active core of a galaxy contains a black hole of 106 M, what will the orbital period be for matter orbiting the black hole at a distance of 0.23 AU? Hint: Use the formula for circular velocity, V. GM V hrarrow_forward
- Suppose you have obtained spectra of several galaxies and have measured the observed wavelength of the H-Alpha line (rest wavelength = 656.3 nm) to be Galaxy 1: 658.1 nm. Galaxy 2: 667.1 nm. Galaxy 3: 677.6 nm. Calculate the radial velocity of each of these galaxies.arrow_forwardThe gas in the outer region of the Andromeda galaxy is found to be orbiting the galaxy with a velocity of 250 km/s. The gas is at a distance of 35 kpc from the center of the galaxy. The total mass of the galaxy is _______ solar masses.arrow_forwardAn astronomer observed the motions of some galaxies. Based on his observations, he made the following statements. Which one of them is most likely to be false? Take Hubble's constant to be 67 km/s/Mpc. A. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 70 km/s is at a distance of about 1 Mpc from us. B. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 700 km/s is at a distance of about 10 Mpc from us. C. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 7000 km/s is at a distance of about 100 Mpc from us. D. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 70000 km/s is at a distance of about 1 Gpc from us. Is the answer D? Thank you!arrow_forward
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