LAUNCHPAD ACCESS BIOL HOW LIFE WORKS 3E
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319382384
Author: Morris
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 17.2, Problem 7SAQ
Summary Introduction
A trait that does not follow the Mendelian law of inheritance is called as complex traits and it is also known as quantitative traits. More particularly, their inheritance is not described by the single gene hereditary segregation. Thus, it can demonstrate a continuous variation range and it can be determined by both genetic and environmental factors.
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Explain how you would go about determining therelative importance of genes and the environment forvariation in risk for a complex trait such as type 2 diabetes.
Six single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci are known to contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is certain if eight or more of the alleles at these six loci are of the “contributing” variety. An uppercase letter indicates an allele that contributes to diabetes and a lowercase symbol indicates a noncontributing allele. A married couple wants to know the probability of producing a child who is at severe risk of type 2 diabetes. Their genotypes were determined by microarray analysis and are as follows:
AaBbccDDEEFf × AaBbCCDdEeFf
Twin studies are often used in the research of
human behavioral traits. Although helpful, there are
limitations to these studies. All of the following are
limitations to twin studies EXCEPT:
Traits are assumed to be simple Mendelian inheritance,
discounting additive alleles and epistasis
Dizygotic twins will often share more than 50% of their
genes
Monozygotic twins are often treated more similarity
than dizygotic twins
O Twins studies are a mechanism to understand the
genetic and environmental components of a trait
Twins reared apart are often adopted out to families of
similar income, ethnicity, and religion
Chapter 17 Solutions
LAUNCHPAD ACCESS BIOL HOW LIFE WORKS 3E
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- in considering the interaction of multiple genes involved in complex traits and interaction with the environmental factors what does the organisms genotype represent? What does the phenotype represent? What does the environment have to do with it?arrow_forwardDo you agree that over time as we get better at doing genetic analysis, race and ancestry will become completely irrelevant to examining disease risks and outcomes? Why or why not?arrow_forwardWhich of these is not true of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)? are single base-pair variations in the genomes of the human population are genetic markers used to study the genetic basis for disease vary from 1-3 bases in length are the most common type of genetic variancearrow_forward
- In the context of genetic influence on individual differences, the degree of genetic influence typically a. increases from infancy through childhood, and then decreases from childhood through adulthood. b. decreases from infancy through adulthood. c. remains stable from infancy through adulthood. d. increases from infancy through adulthood.arrow_forwardThe link between SCT and increased risk of death has been documented. Is that not enough to warrant testing, as long as a link exists? Couldn't one argue that it would instead be neglectful to NOT test for this trait since we do know that such a link exists?arrow_forwardWhich statement is most accurate regarding genetics and the development of chronic disease (cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, etc)? O genetics are an important component of determining risk for chronic disease, along with diet, exercise, and other environmental exposures O genetics play very little role in determining risk for chronic disease; diet, exercise, and other environmental exposures are much more relevant to risk chronic disease is genetically determined with little or no influence from diet, exercise, and environmental exposurearrow_forward
- Identify a possible advantage and a possible disadvantage of a genetic test that would identify genes in individuals that increase their probability of having Alzheimer’s disease later in life.arrow_forwardThe nature versus nurture debate is one of the oldest issues in psychology. The debate centers on the relative contributions of genetic inheritance and environmental factors to human development. Discuss five environmental factors that may affect the growth and development of humans and their educational implications .arrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the broad-sense heritability of a trait? Variance in the trait that is due to genetic effects (VG) The proportion of phenotype variance that is due to genetic effects (VG/Vp) The proportion of phenotype variance that is due to genetic effects (Vp - VG) The proportion of phenotype variance that is not due to genetic effects (Vp- VE) the degree to which genes influencing a trait are passed from offspring to parents Toarrow_forward
- Larsen and Buss present four key research designs used in the behavioral genetic study of personality. Briefly review the key features of these designs and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each design. Why would it be particularly powerful for a set of results (such as heritability and environmental estimates) to be documented using more than one design? Refer to a specific personality trait in formulating your answer to this questionarrow_forwardIn one twin study investigating the genetics of addiction, 41% of monozygotic twins both exhibited substance dependence while 24% of dizygotic twins both exhibited substance dependence. Does this twin study suggest that there is or is not a genetic component to addiction? What evidence in model organisms supports a genetic component to addiction?arrow_forwarddiscuss the interaction of heredity and environment inproducing individual traits.arrow_forward
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