![University Physics with Modern Physics, Volume 1 (Chs. 1-20) and Mastering Physics with Pearson eText & ValuePack Access Card (14th Edition)](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780134209586/9780134209586_largeCoverImage.gif)
Concept explainers
CALC Earth’s Atmosphere. In t he troposphere, the part of the atmosphere that extends from earth’s surface to an altitude of about 11 km, the temperature is not uniform but decreases with increasing elevation. (a) Show that if the temperature variation is approximated by the linear relationship
where T0 is the temperature at the earth’s surface and T temperature at height y, the pressure p at height y is
where P0 is the pressure at the earth’s surface and M is the molar mass for air. The coefficient α is called the lapse rate of temperature. It varies with atmospheric conditions, but an average value is about 0.6 C°/100 m. (b) Show that the above result reduces to the result of Example 18.4 (Section 18.1) in the limit that α → 0. (c) With α = 0 6 C°/100 m, calculate p for y = 8863 m and compare your answer to the result of Example 18.4. Take T0 = 288 K and p0 = 1.00 atm.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution![Blurred answer](/static/blurred-answer.jpg)
Chapter 18 Solutions
University Physics with Modern Physics, Volume 1 (Chs. 1-20) and Mastering Physics with Pearson eText & ValuePack Access Card (14th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
Essential University Physics: Volume 2 (3rd Edition)
Physics: Principles with Applications
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
College Physics
- At 25.0 m below the surface of the sea, where the temperature is 5.00C, a diver exhales an air bubble having a volume of 1.00 cm3. If the surface temperature of the sea is 20.0C, what is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks the surface?arrow_forward(a) Find the density in SI units of air at a pressure of 1.00 atm and a temperature of 20 , assuming that air is 78% N2, 21% O2, and 1% Ar, (b) Find the density of the atmosphere on Venus, assuming that it's 96% CO2 and 4% N2, with a temperature of 737 K and a pressure of 92.0 atm.arrow_forwardAt what temperature is the average speed of carbon dioxide molecules ( M=44.0 g/mol) 510 m/s?arrow_forward
- (a) If the partial pressure of water vapor is 8.05 torr, what is the dew point? (760 torr = I atm 101, 325 Pa) (b) On a warn day when the air temperature is 35 and the dew point is 25 , what are the partial of the water in the air and the relative humidity?arrow_forwardA planet's atmosphere contains a perfect gas with polytropic equa- tion, p = Ap, where p is the pressure, p is the density, y is the polytropic index and A is a constant. Assuming that the acceleration due to gravity, g, is practically constant with height: a) i) show that the expression of the ratio of the pressure, p (at a vertical height z from the surface in terms of the surface pressure), to Po (the surface height), and the surface temperature To is: ²₁ = (₁ - (^² = ²¹); (2) Р 1 Po where y is the adiabatic constant and the gas constant is R. g RT. -Z ii) Use the equation in 1) a) i) to find the numerical value of the temperature lapse dT/dz, given that g = 9.8 m/s², R = 287 Nm/kg K, and y 1.23. =arrow_forwardProblem 13: A bicycle tire has a pressure of 6.8 × 105 Pa at a temperature of 15°C and contains 2.00 L of gas. What will its pressure be, in pascals, if you let out an amount of air that has a volume of 115 cm3 at atmospheric pressure and at the temperature of the tire? Assume tire temperature and volume remain constant.arrow_forward
- Viscosity of fluid plays a significant role in the analyses of many fluid dynamics problems. The viscosity of water can be determined from the following correlation: u=c110(c2/T-c3) where u=viscosity(N/s x m2), T=temperature(k), c1=2.414 x 10-5, c2=247.8 (k), c3=140 (k) . What is the appropriate unit for c1, if the above equation is to be homogeneous in units?arrow_forwardOn Mars, the atmosphere is composed mainly of carbon dioxide. The value of the gas constant for the Martian atmosphere is 192 J/kg-K, and the acceleration of gravity there is 3.72 m/s?. At the average level of the Martian surface, the average temperature is 230 K, the pressure is 790 N/m?. At a certain altitude, the pressure is 680 N/m? and the average temperature is 203 K. 6. The temperature lapse rate is: A) – 0.01613 K/m B) – 0.1613 K/m C) – 1.613 K/m D) None of the above 7. The altitude is: A) 1200 m B) 1675 m C) 1765 m D) None of the abovearrow_forwardA (1.0x10^1) liter bottle is filled with nitrogen (N2) at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure is 1 atm and 273 K) and closed tight. If the temperature is raised to 100° C, what will be the new pressure in SI units to two significant figures.arrow_forward
- A cylinder of gas at room temperature (20°C) has a pressure p1. To what temperature in degrees Celsius would the temperature have to be increased for the pressure to be 1.2p1?arrow_forward(1) Hydrostatic balance states Әр Equation -1 -Pg, where p is pressure, z is altitude, pis density and g is the acceleration due to gravity. It can be shown that the reciprocal of hydrostatic balance also applies. That is Equation -2 Əz Əz Әр 1 pg Use the ideal gas law (p = pRT, where R is the gas constant for dry air and T is temperature) to eliminate p from (2). (2) Under geostrophic balance, the following balance is approximately satisfied Equation -3 fu = -g (³3), ду where f is the Coriolis parameter, u is the zonal wind, y is meridional distance and z is altitude. (Note that the derivative on the right hand side is taken at constant pressure.) Differentiate (3) with respect to p, and use your expression from part 1 to obtain an expression relating du/ap and OT/oy. This expression is called "thermal wind balance".arrow_forwardThe pressure exerted by 33 feet of seawater is approximately equivalent to 1 atm. If a group of scuba divers descend 40 feet, calculate the approximate pressure the divers experience at this depth. From this depth, if the divers quickly ascend to the surface without exhaling gas from their lungs, by a factor of what would their lungs increase? Assume constant temperature.arrow_forward
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781938168161/9781938168161_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781133939146/9781133939146_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781133104261/9781133104261_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305116399/9781305116399_smallCoverImage.gif)