University Physics with Modern Physics, Volume 1 (Chs. 1-20) and Mastering Physics with Pearson eText & ValuePack Access Card (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780134209586
Author: Hugh D. Young
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 18.78P
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Chapter 18 Solutions
University Physics with Modern Physics, Volume 1 (Chs. 1-20) and Mastering Physics with Pearson eText & ValuePack Access Card (14th Edition)
Ch. 18.1 - Rank the following ideal gases in order from...Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 18.2TYUCh. 18.3 - Rank the following gases in order from (a) highest...Ch. 18.4 - A cylinder with a fixed volume contains hydrogen...Ch. 18.5 - A quantity of gas containing N molecules has a...Ch. 18.6 - The average atmospheric pressure on Mars is 6.0 ...Ch. 18 - Section 18.1 states that ordinarily, pressure,...Ch. 18 - In the ideal-gas equation, could an equivalent...Ch. 18 - When a car is driven some distance, the air...Ch. 18 - The coolant in an automobile radiator is kept at a...
Ch. 18 - Unwrapped food placed in a freezer experiences...Ch. 18 - A group of students drove from their university...Ch. 18 - The derivation of the ideal-gas equation included...Ch. 18 - A rigid, perfectly insulated container has a...Ch. 18 - (a) Which has more atoms: a kilogram of hydrogen...Ch. 18 - Use the concepts of the kinetic-molecular model to...Ch. 18 - The proportions of various gases in the earths...Ch. 18 - Comment on the following statement: When two gases...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.13DQCh. 18 - The temperature of an ideal gas is directly...Ch. 18 - If the pressure of an ideal monatomic gas is...Ch. 18 - In deriving the ideal-gas equation from the...Ch. 18 - Imagine a special air filter placed in a window of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.18DQCh. 18 - Consider two specimens of ideal gas at the same...Ch. 18 - The temperature of an ideal monatomic gas is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.21DQCh. 18 - (a) If you apply the same amount of heat to 1.00...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.23DQCh. 18 - In a gas that contains N molecules, is it accurate...Ch. 18 - The atmosphere of the planet Mars is 95.3% carbon...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.26DQCh. 18 - Ice is slippery to walk on, and especially...Ch. 18 - Hydrothermal vents are openings in the ocean floor...Ch. 18 - The dark areas on the moons surface are called...Ch. 18 - In addition to the normal cooking directions...Ch. 18 - A 20.0-L tank contains 4.86 104 kg of helium at...Ch. 18 - Helium gas with a volume of 3.20 L, under a...Ch. 18 - A cylindrical tank has a tight-fitting piston that...Ch. 18 - A 3.00-L lank contains air at 3.00 atm and 20.0C....Ch. 18 - Planetary Atmospheres. (a) Calculate the density...Ch. 18 - You have several identical balloons. You...Ch. 18 - A Jaguar XK8 convertible has an eight-cylinder...Ch. 18 - A welder using a tank of volume 0.0750 m3 fills it...Ch. 18 - A large cylindrical tank contains 0.750 m3 of...Ch. 18 - An empty cylindrical canister 1.50 m long and 90.0...Ch. 18 - The gas inside a balloon will always have a...Ch. 18 - An ideal gas has a density of 1.33 106 g/cm3 at...Ch. 18 - If a certain amount of ideal gas occupies a volume...Ch. 18 - A diver observes a bubble of air rising from the...Ch. 18 - A metal tank with volume 3.10 L will burst if the...Ch. 18 - Three moles of an ideal gas are in a rigid cubical...Ch. 18 - With the assumptions of Example 18.4 (Section...Ch. 18 - With the assumption that the air temperature is a...Ch. 18 - (a) Calculate the mass of nitrogen present in a...Ch. 18 - At an altitude of 11,000 m (a typical cruising...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.21ECh. 18 - Prob. 18.22ECh. 18 - Modern vacuum pumps make it easy to attain...Ch. 18 - The Lagoon Nebula (Fig. E18.24) is a cloud of...Ch. 18 - In a gas at standard conditions, what is the...Ch. 18 - How Close Together Are Gas Molecules? Consider an...Ch. 18 - (a) What is the total translational kinetic energy...Ch. 18 - A flask contains a mixture of neon (Ne), krypton...Ch. 18 - We have two equal-size boxes, A and B. Each box...Ch. 18 - A container with volume 1.64 L is initially...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.31ECh. 18 - Martian Climate. The atmosphere of Mars is mostly...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.33ECh. 18 - Calculate the mean free path of air molecules at...Ch. 18 - At what temperature is the root-mean-square speed...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.36ECh. 18 - Prob. 18.37ECh. 18 - Perfectly rigid containers each hold n moles of...Ch. 18 - (a) Compute the specific heat at constant volume...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.40ECh. 18 - Prob. 18.41ECh. 18 - For a gas of nitrogen molecules (N2), what must...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.43ECh. 18 - Meteorology. The vapor pressure is the pressure of...Ch. 18 - Calculate the volume of 1.00 mol of liquid water...Ch. 18 - A physics lecture room at 1.00 atm and 27.0C has a...Ch. 18 - CP BIO The Effect of Altitude on the Lungs. (a)...Ch. 18 - CP BIO The Bends. If deep-sea divers rise to the...Ch. 18 - CP A hot-air balloon stays aloft because hot air...Ch. 18 - In an evacuated enclosure, a vertical cylindrical...Ch. 18 - A cylinder 1.00 m tall with inside diameter 0.120...Ch. 18 - CP During a test dive in 1939, prior to being...Ch. 18 - Atmosphere or Titan. Titan, the largest satellite...Ch. 18 - Pressure on Venus. At the surface of Venus the...Ch. 18 - An automobile tire has a volume of 0.0150 m3 on a...Ch. 18 - A flask with a volume of 1.50 L, provided with a...Ch. 18 - CP A balloon of volume 750 m3 is to be filled with...Ch. 18 - A vertical cylindrical tank contains 1.80 mol of...Ch. 18 - CP A large tank of water has a hose connected to...Ch. 18 - CP A light, plastic sphere with mass m = 9.00 g...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.61PCh. 18 - BIO A person at rest inhales 0.50 L of air with...Ch. 18 - You have two identical containers, one containing...Ch. 18 - The size of an oxygen molecule is about 2.0 1010...Ch. 18 - A sealed box contains a monatomic ideal gas. The...Ch. 18 - Helium gas is in a cylinder that has rigid walls....Ch. 18 - You blow up a spherical balloon to a diameter of...Ch. 18 - CP (a) Compute the increase in gravitational...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.69PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.70PCh. 18 - It is possible to make crystalline solids that are...Ch. 18 - Hydrogen on the Sun. The surface of the sun has a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.73PCh. 18 - Planetary Atmospheres. (a) The temperature near...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.75PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.76PCh. 18 - CALC (a) Explain why in a gas of N molecules, the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.78PCh. 18 - CP Oscillations of a Piston. A vertical cylinder...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.80PCh. 18 - DATA The Dew Point and Clouds. The vapor pressure...Ch. 18 - DATA The statistical quantities average value and...Ch. 18 - CP Dark Nebulae and the Interstellar Medium. The...Ch. 18 - CALC Earths Atmosphere. In t he troposphere, the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.85PPCh. 18 - Estimate the ratio of the thermal conductivity of...Ch. 18 - The rate of effusionthat is, leakage of a gas...
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- Compute the density in units of of an ideal gas under the following conditions: a) At and Torr pressure (1 Torr = 1mm Hg) this is called loschmidt number. b) In a vacuum of Torr at room temperature . This number is useful one for the experimentalist to know by heart. (10^-3 Torr = 1 micron)arrow_forwardThe pressure, volume, and temperature of a mole of an ideal gas are related by the equation PV = 8.31T, where P is measured in kilopascals, V in liters, and T in kelvins. Use differentials to find the approximate change in the pressure (in kPa) if the volume increases from 11 L to 11.6 L and the temperature decreases from 370 K to 360 K. (Note whether the change is positive or negative in your answer. Round your answer to two decimal places.)arrow_forwardA (1.0x10^1) liter bottle is filled with nitrogen (N2) at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure is 1 atm and 273 K) and closed tight. If the temperature is raised to 100° C, what will be the new pressure in SI units to two significant figures.arrow_forward
- Ideal gases are often studied at standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP). The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) defines SATP to be T = 25° C and P = 100 kPa. a. Calculate N/V (in particles per cubic meter) for an ideal gas at SATP b. How many atoms of an ideal gas at SATP are there in one cubic centimeter?arrow_forwardA A A A I. If A = 4x + 2y and B and B` =− 2x + 4z, what are Ø – B`, A¯ • B`, and A × B¯? II. If E = k 29 what is – E dr if k and a are constants? k III. If V = what is 9 r α dV dr ∞ if k is a constant?arrow_forwardThe tidal lung volume of human breathing, representing the amount of air inhaled and exhaled in a normal breath, is 500 cm3. (Assume atmospheric pressure.) (a) What is the number of molecules of air inhaled with each human breath when the air temperature is 27.0°C?arrow_forward
- The law of atmospheres states that the number density of molecules in the atmosphere depends on height y above sea level according to where n, is the number density at sea level (where y = 0). The average height of a molecule in the Earth's atmosphere is given by | yn, (1) dy ye D/,T dy avg |n,G) dy eD/A,T dy (a) Prove that this average height is equal to kT/m,g. (b) Evaluate the average height, assuming the temperature is 10.0°C and the molecular mass is 28.9 u, both uniform throughout the atmosphere.arrow_forwardAvagadro's number (6.023 × 1023) is a pure (unitless) number which serves as a good standard for measuring the number of molecules in ideal gases at STP. A)What is the volume, in cubic kilometers, of Avogadro’s number of sand grains, if each grain is a cube with an edge length of 1.3 mm and the cubes are densely packed (with no air between them). B) How long, in kilometers, would a beach have to be for this sand to cover it to a depth of 10.0 m? Assume a beach is 100.0 m wide, and you can neglect the air spaces between the grains.arrow_forwardProblem 5: Any ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) has a number density (atoms per unit volume) of p = N/V = 2.68 × 1025 m²3. How many atoms are there in 11 cubic micrometers, at STP? N =| atomsarrow_forward
- The pressure, P of an ideal gas, can be expressed as P = nRT/V where n is the number of moles, T is the temperature, V is the volume and R = 8.314JK^-1 mol^-1 is the ideal gas constant. a) Find the expression for deltaP in terms of deltan, deltaT and deltaV: deltaP = deltan + deltaT + deltaV b) Suppose that n = 1, V = 1m^3 and T = 300K initially. If n and V change to 9/5 and 7/10m^3 respectively, estimate the change in T(K) required to keep P constant.arrow_forwardEither give an exact answer, or make sure you include at least 4 significant digits on your answer. The pressure P (in kilopascals), volume V (in liters), and temperature T (in kelvins) of a mole of an ideal gas are related by the equation PV = 8.31T. Find the rate at which the volume is changing when the temperature is 330 K and increasing at a rate of 0.15 K/s and the pressure is 26 and increasing at a rate of 0.03 kPa/s. 1110 L/Sarrow_forwardThe gas law for an ideal gas at absolute temperature T(in kelvins), pressure P (in atmospheres), and volume V(in liters) is PV=nRT, where is the number of moles ofthe gas R =0.0821 and is the gas constant. Suppose that,at a certain instant P=8.0, atm and is increasing at a rateof 0.10 atm/min and V=10L and is decreasing at a rateof 0.15 L/min. Find the rate of change of T with respect totime at that instant if n=10 mol.arrow_forward
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