To enlist: The characteristics and representatives of the given animal phyla. Introduction: Animal phyla include a list of the major groups of animals that include invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrates are the animals that do not have a backbone and the vertebrates are the backbone bearing animals.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 18, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To enlist:

The characteristics and representatives of the given animal phyla.

Introduction:

Animal phyla include a list of the major groups of animals that include invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrates are the animals that do not have a backbone and the vertebrates are the backbone bearing animals.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The key characteristics and the representatives of the animal phyla are described in the following table.

Phylum	Characteristics	Representatives
Sponges	They are included in phylum porifera. It is a simple animal with no mouth, heart or muscles. It is sessile animal containing many pores and cells for filter feeding. Asymmetrical.	Sponges and common bath sponge.
Cnidarians	They are aquatic animals. Coelom is absent. They contain cnidocyte cells to capture prey. Radial symmetry.	Sea anemone, jellyfish, corals and Obelia.
Flatworms	Included in phylum Platyhelminthes. No body cavity. Bilateral symmetry.	Planaria and tape worms.
Nematodes	They have complete digestive systems, are free living and parasitic both. Bilateral symmetry.	Roundworms and hookworms.
Molluscs	They have a soft and unsegmented body. Have mantle and the muscular foot.	Snails, squids, octopus and mussels.
Annelida	They are the true segmented worms. Have closed circulatory system.	Earthworms and leeches.
Arthropods	Presence of jointed legs, antennae, exoskeleton and closed circulatory system. Bilateral symmetry.	Insects, crab and millipedes.
Echinoderms	They have spiny skin, water vascular system, body containing 5 equal segments and tube feet. Radial symmetry.	Star fish and sea urchin.
Chordates	Presence of notochord, dorsal nerve chord, gill slits and bilateral symmetry.	Mammals, fish, birds, reptiles and amphibians.

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Create a cladogram summarizing the phylogenetic relationships among the different phyla. Phyla: Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Annelida Mollusca Nematoda Arthropoda Echinodermata Chordata Characters: True tissues Blastopore forms the mouth Blastopore forms anus Undergo ecdysis Notochord Mantle and muscular foot Water vascular system Trochophore Segmented jointed appendages Chitinous setae Muscles and nerves Triploblastic

Select all of the following that are characteristics of crustaceans. maxillary glands. monoecious calcium carbonate deposited in the exoskeleton. two pairs of antennae. antennal glands. a body with three tagmata external fertilization.

Using the examples from the animals you have studied in this lab, give the differences between the following phyla: Echinodermata and planaria Cnidaria and Porifera Annelida and Nematoda Cnidaria and Mollusca Echinodermata and Chordata 2. Charles a Biology student in California has found at the beach an animal he cannot name. What are some of the questions that he should ask to help determine the phylum of the animal? Based on the data that you recorded during this lab do you see a relationship between symmetry, cephalization, and number of germ layers? Can you tell what germ layer appears last? Name three characteristics or features in the phyla studied that you could tell are ancestral or primitive and three that you may call advance? Explain further?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 18, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To enlist:

The characteristics and representatives of the given animal phyla.

Introduction:

Animal phyla include a list of the major groups of animals that include invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrates are the animals that do not have a backbone and the vertebrates are the backbone bearing animals.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The key characteristics and the representatives of the animal phyla are described in the following table.

Phylum	Characteristics	Representatives
Sponges	They are included in phylum porifera. It is a simple animal with no mouth, heart or muscles. It is sessile animal containing many pores and cells for filter feeding. Asymmetrical.	Sponges and common bath sponge.
Cnidarians	They are aquatic animals. Coelom is absent. They contain cnidocyte cells to capture prey. Radial symmetry.	Sea anemone, jellyfish, corals and Obelia.
Flatworms	Included in phylum Platyhelminthes. No body cavity. Bilateral symmetry.	Planaria and tape worms.
Nematodes	They have complete digestive systems, are free living and parasitic both. Bilateral symmetry.	Roundworms and hookworms.
Molluscs	They have a soft and unsegmented body. Have mantle and the muscular foot.	Snails, squids, octopus and mussels.
Annelida	They are the true segmented worms. Have closed circulatory system.	Earthworms and leeches.
Arthropods	Presence of jointed legs, antennae, exoskeleton and closed circulatory system. Bilateral symmetry.	Insects, crab and millipedes.
Echinoderms	They have spiny skin, water vascular system, body containing 5 equal segments and tube feet. Radial symmetry.	Star fish and sea urchin.
Chordates	Presence of notochord, dorsal nerve chord, gill slits and bilateral symmetry.	Mammals, fish, birds, reptiles and amphibians.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 18, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To enlist:

The characteristics and representatives of the given animal phyla.

Introduction:

Animal phyla include a list of the major groups of animals that include invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrates are the animals that do not have a backbone and the vertebrates are the backbone bearing animals.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The key characteristics and the representatives of the animal phyla are described in the following table.

Phylum	Characteristics	Representatives
Sponges	They are included in phylum porifera. It is a simple animal with no mouth, heart or muscles. It is sessile animal containing many pores and cells for filter feeding. Asymmetrical.	Sponges and common bath sponge.
Cnidarians	They are aquatic animals. Coelom is absent. They contain cnidocyte cells to capture prey. Radial symmetry.	Sea anemone, jellyfish, corals and Obelia.
Flatworms	Included in phylum Platyhelminthes. No body cavity. Bilateral symmetry.	Planaria and tape worms.
Nematodes	They have complete digestive systems, are free living and parasitic both. Bilateral symmetry.	Roundworms and hookworms.
Molluscs	They have a soft and unsegmented body. Have mantle and the muscular foot.	Snails, squids, octopus and mussels.
Annelida	They are the true segmented worms. Have closed circulatory system.	Earthworms and leeches.
Arthropods	Presence of jointed legs, antennae, exoskeleton and closed circulatory system. Bilateral symmetry.	Insects, crab and millipedes.
Echinoderms	They have spiny skin, water vascular system, body containing 5 equal segments and tube feet. Radial symmetry.	Star fish and sea urchin.
Chordates	Presence of notochord, dorsal nerve chord, gill slits and bilateral symmetry.	Mammals, fish, birds, reptiles and amphibians.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organ system that helps in the digestion of food by mechanical and biochemical processes. The digestive system breaks down food into simpler components that enable the body to then absorb or transport nutrients. The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal and the associate glands. The organs of the gastrointestinal tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The associated glands include salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Chapter 18, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To enlist:

The characteristics and representatives of the given animal phyla.

Introduction:

Animal phyla include a list of the major groups of animals that include invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrates are the animals that do not have a backbone and the vertebrates are the backbone bearing animals.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The key characteristics and the representatives of the animal phyla are described in the following table.

Phylum	Characteristics	Representatives
Sponges	They are included in phylum porifera. It is a simple animal with no mouth, heart or muscles. It is sessile animal containing many pores and cells for filter feeding. Asymmetrical.	Sponges and common bath sponge.
Cnidarians	They are aquatic animals. Coelom is absent. They contain cnidocyte cells to capture prey. Radial symmetry.	Sea anemone, jellyfish, corals and Obelia.
Flatworms	Included in phylum Platyhelminthes. No body cavity. Bilateral symmetry.	Planaria and tape worms.
Nematodes	They have complete digestive systems, are free living and parasitic both. Bilateral symmetry.	Roundworms and hookworms.
Molluscs	They have a soft and unsegmented body. Have mantle and the muscular foot.	Snails, squids, octopus and mussels.
Annelida	They are the true segmented worms. Have closed circulatory system.	Earthworms and leeches.
Arthropods	Presence of jointed legs, antennae, exoskeleton and closed circulatory system. Bilateral symmetry.	Insects, crab and millipedes.
Echinoderms	They have spiny skin, water vascular system, body containing 5 equal segments and tube feet. Radial symmetry.	Star fish and sea urchin.
Chordates	Presence of notochord, dorsal nerve chord, gill slits and bilateral symmetry.	Mammals, fish, birds, reptiles and amphibians.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To enlist:

The characteristics and representatives of the given animal phyla.

Introduction:

Animal phyla include a list of the major groups of animals that include invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrates are the animals that do not have a backbone and the vertebrates are the backbone bearing animals.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The key characteristics and the representatives of the animal phyla are described in the following table.

Phylum	Characteristics	Representatives
Sponges	They are included in phylum porifera. It is a simple animal with no mouth, heart or muscles. It is sessile animal containing many pores and cells for filter feeding. Asymmetrical.	Sponges and common bath sponge.
Cnidarians	They are aquatic animals. Coelom is absent. They contain cnidocyte cells to capture prey. Radial symmetry.	Sea anemone, jellyfish, corals and Obelia.
Flatworms	Included in phylum Platyhelminthes. No body cavity. Bilateral symmetry.	Planaria and tape worms.
Nematodes	They have complete digestive systems, are free living and parasitic both. Bilateral symmetry.	Roundworms and hookworms.
Molluscs	They have a soft and unsegmented body. Have mantle and the muscular foot.	Snails, squids, octopus and mussels.
Annelida	They are the true segmented worms. Have closed circulatory system.	Earthworms and leeches.
Arthropods	Presence of jointed legs, antennae, exoskeleton and closed circulatory system. Bilateral symmetry.	Insects, crab and millipedes.
Echinoderms	They have spiny skin, water vascular system, body containing 5 equal segments and tube feet. Radial symmetry.	Star fish and sea urchin.
Chordates	Presence of notochord, dorsal nerve chord, gill slits and bilateral symmetry.	Mammals, fish, birds, reptiles and amphibians.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To enlist:

The characteristics and representatives of the given animal phyla.

Introduction:

Animal phyla include a list of the major groups of animals that include invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrates are the animals that do not have a backbone and the vertebrates are the backbone bearing animals.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The key characteristics and the representatives of the animal phyla are described in the following table.

Phylum	Characteristics	Representatives
Sponges	They are included in phylum porifera. It is a simple animal with no mouth, heart or muscles. It is sessile animal containing many pores and cells for filter feeding. Asymmetrical.	Sponges and common bath sponge.
Cnidarians	They are aquatic animals. Coelom is absent. They contain cnidocyte cells to capture prey. Radial symmetry.	Sea anemone, jellyfish, corals and Obelia.
Flatworms	Included in phylum Platyhelminthes. No body cavity. Bilateral symmetry.	Planaria and tape worms.
Nematodes	They have complete digestive systems, are free living and parasitic both. Bilateral symmetry.	Roundworms and hookworms.
Molluscs	They have a soft and unsegmented body. Have mantle and the muscular foot.	Snails, squids, octopus and mussels.
Annelida	They are the true segmented worms. Have closed circulatory system.	Earthworms and leeches.
Arthropods	Presence of jointed legs, antennae, exoskeleton and closed circulatory system. Bilateral symmetry.	Insects, crab and millipedes.
Echinoderms	They have spiny skin, water vascular system, body containing 5 equal segments and tube feet. Radial symmetry.	Star fish and sea urchin.
Chordates	Presence of notochord, dorsal nerve chord, gill slits and bilateral symmetry.	Mammals, fish, birds, reptiles and amphibians.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To enlist:

The characteristics and representatives of the given animal phyla.

Introduction:

Animal phyla include a list of the major groups of animals that include invertebrates and vertebrates. Invertebrates are the animals that do not have a backbone and the vertebrates are the backbone bearing animals.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The key characteristics and the representatives of the animal phyla are described in the following table.

Phylum	Characteristics	Representatives
Sponges	They are included in phylum porifera. It is a simple animal with no mouth, heart or muscles. It is sessile animal containing many pores and cells for filter feeding. Asymmetrical.	Sponges and common bath sponge.
Cnidarians	They are aquatic animals. Coelom is absent. They contain cnidocyte cells to capture prey. Radial symmetry.	Sea anemone, jellyfish, corals and Obelia.
Flatworms	Included in phylum Platyhelminthes. No body cavity. Bilateral symmetry.	Planaria and tape worms.
Nematodes	They have complete digestive systems, are free living and parasitic both. Bilateral symmetry.	Roundworms and hookworms.
Molluscs	They have a soft and unsegmented body. Have mantle and the muscular foot.	Snails, squids, octopus and mussels.
Annelida	They are the true segmented worms. Have closed circulatory system.	Earthworms and leeches.
Arthropods	Presence of jointed legs, antennae, exoskeleton and closed circulatory system. Bilateral symmetry.	Insects, crab and millipedes.
Echinoderms	They have spiny skin, water vascular system, body containing 5 equal segments and tube feet. Radial symmetry.	Star fish and sea urchin.
Chordates	Presence of notochord, dorsal nerve chord, gill slits and bilateral symmetry.	Mammals, fish, birds, reptiles and amphibians.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Ch. 18 - Prob. 1CC Ch. 18 - Identify the pattern of embryonic development...Ch. 18 - Bilateral symmetry in animals is best correlated...Ch. 18 - Jon found an organism in a pond, and he thinks its...Ch. 18 - Which of the following groupings includes the...Ch. 18 - Which of the following animal groups does not have...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7TYK Ch. 18 - Prob. 8TYK Ch. 18 - Prob. 9TYK Ch. 18 - Prob. 10TYK

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Chapter 18 Solutions