In the
Because
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 18 Solutions
Package: Loose Leaf Chemistry with Connect 2-year Access Card
- When glucose, C6H12O11, is metabolized to CO2 and H2O in living systems, the first step is the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. glucose+H3PO4glucose-6-phosphate+H2OG=13.4kJ This nonspontaneous reaction can be made to proceed by coupling it with the hydrolysis of ATP. ATP+H2OADP+H3PO4G=31.0kJ (a) Write an equation for the coupled reaction and calculate G°. (b) Estimate the number of moles of ATP required to convert glucose to glucose-6-phosphate.arrow_forwardThe free energy of formation of one mole of compound refers to a particular chemical equation. For each of the following, write that equation. a KBr(s) b CH3Cl(l) c H2S(g) d AsH3(g)arrow_forwardAccording to a source, lithium peroxide (Li2O2) decomposes to lithium oxide (Li2O) and oxygen gas at about 195C. If the standard enthalpy change for this decomposition is 33.9 kJ/mol, what would you give as an estimate for the standard entropy change for this reaction? Explain.arrow_forward
- a Calculate K1, at 25C for sulfurous acid: H2SO3(aq)H+(aq)+HSO3(aq) b Which thermodynamic factor is the most significant in accounting for the fact that sulfurous acid is a weak acid? Why?arrow_forwardCells use the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, abbreviated as ATP, as a source of energy. Symbolically, this reaction can be written as ATP(aq)+H2O(l)ADP(aq)+H2PO4(aq) where ADP represents adenosine diphosphate. For this reaction, G =30.5 kJ/mol. a. Calculate K at 25C. b. If all the free energy from the metabolism of glucose C6H12O6(s)+6O2(g)6CO2(g)+6H2O(l) goes into forming ATP from ADP, how many ATP molecules can be produced for every molecule of glucose?arrow_forwardIn each of the following pairs, choose the substance with a lower entropy. (a) One mole of O2(g) with 758 mm Hg pressure, one mole of O2(g) with 493 mm Hg pressure, both at room temperature (b) glucose (s), glucose (aq) (c) Hg(l), Hg(g), both at room temperaturearrow_forward
- Consider the reaction of 2 mol H2(g) at 25C and 1 atm with 1 mol O2(g) at the same temperature and pressure to produce liquid water at these conditions. If this reaction is run in a controlled way to generate work, what is the maximum useful work that can be obtained? How much entropy is produced in this case?arrow_forwardIn muscle cells under the condition of vigorous exercise, glucose is converted to lactic acid (lactate),CH3CHOHCOOH, by the chemical reaction C6H12O6 2 CH3CHOHCOOHrG = 197 kJ/mol (a) If all of the Gibbs free energy from this reaction wereused to convert ADP to ATP, calculate how many molesof ATP could be produced per mole of glucose. (b) The actual reaction involves the production of 3 molATP per mole of glucose. Calculate the rG for thisoverall reaction. (c) Is the overall reaction in part (b) reactant-favored orproduct-favored?arrow_forwardFor the decomposition of formic acid, HCOOH(l)H2O(l)+CO(g) H = +29 kJ/mol at 25C. a Does the tendency of this reaction to proceed to a state of minimum energy favor the formation of water and carbon monoxide or formic acid? Explain. b Does the tendency of this reaction to proceed to a state of maximum entropy favor the formation of products or reactants? Explainarrow_forward
- Consider the following reactions at 25°C: C6H12O6(aq)+6O2(g)6CO2(g)+6H2O G=2870kJ ADP(aq)+HPO42(aq)+2H+(aq)ATP(aq)+H2OG=31kJ Write an equation for a coupled reaction between glucose, C6H12O6, and ADP in which G=390kJ .arrow_forwardConsider the reaction of 1 mol H2(g) at 25C and 1 atm with 1 mol Br2(l) at the same temperature and pressure to produce gaseous HBr at these conditions. If this reaction is run in a controlled way to generate work, what is the maximum useful work that can be obtained? How much entropy is produced in this case?arrow_forwardDescribe how the standard entropy of hydrogen gas at 25C can be obtained from heat measurements.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning