(a)
Interpretation:
The ammonium salt produced by the reaction between HCl and coniine alkaloid should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Alkaloids are natural organic compounds present in plants. They are
Amines have basic properties, meaning they can act as proton acceptors.
Because of the basicity, amines react with acids such as HCl to form water-soluble ammonium salts. Below shown is the general reaction between a primary amine and HCl.
Accordingly, both the secondary and tertiary amines also form their respective ammonium salts with HCl.
(b)
Interpretation:
The ammonium salt produced by the reaction between HCl and morphine alkaloid should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Alkaloids are natural organic compounds present in plants. They are amines.
Amines have basic properties, meaning they can act as proton acceptors.
Because of the basicity, amines react with acids such as HCl to form water-soluble ammonium salts. Below shown is the general reaction between a primary amine and HCl.
Accordingly, both the secondary and tertiary amines also form their respective ammonium salts with HCl.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
CONNECT IA GENERAL ORGANIC&BIO CHEMISTRY
- 1. What are the three kinds of alkaloids? Describe each. 2. Classify the following alkaloid according to ring system, draw the structure, then give the natural occurrence. a. betanidine b. peganine C. cocaine d. ergothioneinearrow_forwardThe other group are the alkaloids. Regardless of structure, alkaloids have a number of characteristics in common. What are TWO?arrow_forwardWhy does old aspirin smell like vinegar?arrow_forward
- The following are central stimulants: Select one or more: A. Barbiturates. B. Morphine. C. Benzodiazepines. D. Cocaine. E. Amphetamines.arrow_forwardWhat is the required acetic acid content of commercial vinegar according to FDA standards?arrow_forwardAcidic forms of barbituric acid derivatives exist in the form: A. Lactone form B. Lactam form C. Lactimal formarrow_forward
- In general, amines are nucleophilic due to: Select one: a. Existence of negative charge in amine group b. Amines are more electronegative than other functional groups C. Lone pairs in the amine group available for donation d. None of the abovearrow_forward3. Give the pharmacological property of the following alkaloids. Where do they naturally occur? a. morphine b. quinine c. berberine 4. What are the chemical tests used in identifying alkaloids?arrow_forwardThe hydrolysis of an amide in acidic conditions forms A. a carboxylate salt and an alcohol B. a carboxylate salt and an amine C. an alcohol and an amine salt (an ammonium ion) D. a carboxylic acid and an amine salt (an ammonium ion)arrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,
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