Laboratory Manual for Human Anatomy
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259683831
Author: Eric Wise, Kenneth S. Saladin Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 18, Problem 7TOF
Summary Introduction
To Determine:
If the given statement is true or false.
Introduction:
A gland is a group of cells that synthesizes and secretes substances into the bloodstream or cavities inside or on the surface of the body. The glands are of two types, the endocrine gland and the exocrine gland. The endocrine glands secrete the chemical messengers directly into the bloodstream from where they reach their target organs. The exocrine glands secrete their molecules into the cavities of the body.
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An endocrinal gland with parenchyma consisting of epithelium and neural
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O Parathyroid gland
Select ALL the statements that are correct.
Growth hormone production is inhibited by somatostatin.
Growth hormone production is stimulated by the release of the tropic hormone GHRH in the hypothalamus.
Growth hormone production is inhibited by IGF-1 which is secreted by the liver.
Gigantism and acromegaly differ in that gigantism is due to oversecretion of GHRH, not GH.
A 42-year-old female presents with nausea, fatigue, muscle weakness, and intermittent pain in her mid-left flank (stomach). Laboratory examination reveals an increased serum calcium and a decreased serum phosphorus. Urinary calcium is increased, and microhaematuria is present. 1.1 What is the most likely cause of this patient’s abnormality? 1.2 Which hormone is responsible for this condition? 1.3 Is the condition primary or secondary? Explain. 1.4 Explain why an increased serum calcium and a decreased serum phosphorus.
1.5 Which vitamin will have the same effect as this condition? 1.6 Explain why there is muscle weakness and pain in the mid-left flank. 1.7 Describe the meaning of the following clinical terms: 1.7.1 Nausea; 1.7.2 Fatigue; 1.7.3 Microhaematuria.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Laboratory Manual for Human Anatomy
Ch. 18.1 - Define the word hormone. Compare hormones and...Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 18.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 18.1 - How do the nervous and endocrine systems differ?...Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 18.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 18.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 18.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 18.3 - The zona fasciculate thickens significantly in...Ch. 18.3 - Often, two hormones have opposite (antagonistic)...
Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 18.3 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 18.3 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 18.3 - What is the difference between a gonadal hormone...Ch. 18.3 - What hormones are most important in regulating...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 18.4 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 18.4 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 18.4 - Prob. 17BYGOCh. 18.4 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 18 - The definitions of hormone and endocrine systemCh. 18 - Prob. 18.1.2AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.1.3AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.1.4AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.1.5AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.1.6AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.1.7AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.2.1AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.2.2AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.2.3AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.2.4AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.2.5AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.2.6AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.2.7AYLOCh. 18 - The target organs or tissues and the funtions of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.2.9AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3.1AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3.2AYLOCh. 18 - The location, anatomy, and histology of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.3.4AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3.5AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3.6AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3.7AYLOCh. 18 - The location and structure of the pancreatic...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.3.9AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3.10AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.4.1AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.4.2AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 18.4.3AYLOCh. 18 - The cause and effects of pheochromocytoma of the...Ch. 18 - The cause and effects of endemic goiterCh. 18 - Prob. 18.4.6AYLOCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 6TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 18 - Which of these endocrine glands is most directly...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 18 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 18 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 18 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 18 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 18 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 18 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 18 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 18 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 18 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 18 - Prob. 1TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 2TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 3TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 4TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 5TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 6TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 7TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 8TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 9TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 10TOFCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 18 - Examine the anatomical relationship between the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3TYCCh. 18 - Prob. 4TYCCh. 18 - Prob. 5TYC
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- There are large endocrinocytes in the wall of the follicles and in the interfollicular layers of the connective tissue on the thyroid gland. The secretory granules of endocrinocytes are osmiofilic and argyphilic. Name these cells. Paratyrocytes. Calcitoninocytes. O Pituitary Pinealocytes. O Tyrocytes.arrow_forwardName the connection between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary gland. What does it consist of? Explain the mechanism of release of the posterior pituitary hormones into the systemic circulation. Describe the difference between gigantism and acromegaly.arrow_forwardIn Graves' disease, the body attacks the thyroid gland tissue and causes it to overproduce thyroid hormones, resulting in elevated blood levels of T3 and T4. Which of the following statements would be TRUE? Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would not release TRH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would release more TSH. Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would release more TRH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would then stop releasing TSH. Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would not release TRH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would not release TSH. Since blood levels of thyroid hormones are elevated, the hypothalamus would not release TSH and the Anterior Pituitary Gland would not release TRH.arrow_forward
- Patient who are suffering from thyrotoxicosis symptoms of vegeto- asthenic syndrome was revealed. The histological appearance of a thyroid gland being stimulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) would show which of the following? Columnar-shaped follicular cells Decreased numbers of follicular cells An abundance of colloid in the lumen of the follicle Increased numbers of parafollicular cells O Decreased numbers of parafollicular capillariesarrow_forwardCorrectly label the following structures related to the parathyroid gland. Trachea Thyroid gland Pharynx (posterior view) Parotid glands Larynx Esophagus Thymus Parathyroid glandsarrow_forwardThe endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones that regulate the activity of different body cells. The pituitary gland is often called the "master gland" because it controls the activities of other glands. Discuss a disorder associated with either hypo or hypersecretion of a specific hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. Include in your discussion the answer to the following: What effect will an increase or decrease in production have on the target organs?What signs and symptoms are associated with this condition and how is it treated?arrow_forward
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a lifethreatening condition that results from a deficiency in the P450 enzyme steroid 21- hydroxylase. This enzyme catalyzes the first step in the conversion of progesterone into cortisol and aldosterone (Figures 26.28 and 26.29). A characteristic of congenital adrenal hyperplasia is an increase in sex hormone production. Explain why this is the case.arrow_forwardOn the histological section of one of the endocrine glands visible rounded structures of various sizes, the wall of which is formed by a single layer of epithelial cells on the basement membrane, inside these structures contain a homogeneous noncellular mass. What is this gland? Pancreatic gland O back pituitary gland Thyroid gland Adrenal gland, cortical substance anterior part of the pituitary glandarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT secreted by the thyroid? View Available Hint(s)for Part B thyroid-stimulating hormone calcitonin thyroxine triiodothyronine Where is the thyroid gland located? View Available Hint(s)for Part A at the base of the brain near the hypothalamus adjacent to the trachea in the neck posterior to the sternum in the thoracic cavity posterior to the parathyroid glands in the neckarrow_forward
- The parents of 14-year old Megan are concerned about her height because she is only 4 fee tall and they are both close to 6 feet tall. After tests by their doctor, certain hormones are prescribed for the girl. What is the probable diagnosis? What hormones are prescribed, and why might the girl expect to reach normal height?arrow_forwardThe pituitary gland is often referred to as the master gland. Set aside the fact that this term is sexist and hegemonic. Instead, consider this definition from the Merriam Webster dictionary “being a device or mechanism that controls the operation of another mechanism.” Using examples from the anterior and posterior pituitary, explain how this definition could be appropriate.arrow_forwardAnother general principle of physiology is that structure is a determinant of—and has coevolved with—function. The structure of the thyroid gland is very unlike other endocrine glands. How is the structure of this gland related to its function?arrow_forward
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