Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 7TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The gene expression and the changes undergone enable a bacterial cell to positively respond to the changes in the environment. Gene products are produced or activated only when required for biological function. The gene expression is controlled at three stages, namely, the transcription, translation, and the post-transcription.
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Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of the antibiotic streptomycin?
A. it disrupts protein synthesis in resistant bacteria.
B. Streptomycin inhibits cell wall synthesis in all bacterial species.
C. Streptomycin creates mutations in bacteria which cause them to become resistant.
D. It disrupts protein synthesis in nonresistant bacteria.
An experimental drug therapy to treat patients with antibiotic-resistant bacteria involves introduction of a highly specific bacteriophage to the infected patient's bloodstream. Which of the following bacteriophage types would be the LEAST useful for this therapy?
a. a lytic bacteriophage
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c. An RNA virus
d. a lysogenic bacteriophage
how does the E.coli RNA polymerase find the gene's promoter to be transcribed?
A. the TATA sequence.
B. the sigma factor
C. the apoenzyme
D. the -35 sequence
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- Which gene is incorporated into plasmids to detect recombinantcells?a. restriction endonuclease b. virus receptors c. a gene for antibiotic resistance d. reverse transcriptasearrow_forwardWhy is it adaptive for a bacterium to not express the genes that encode that lactose utilization proteins when lactose is not available? a. Catabolism of lactose in protein transcription needs a lot of energy. b. The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve enzymes. c. The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve energy. d. The reason is conservation of energy for the enzyme. e. The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve lactose.arrow_forwardPart A: Antibiotic resistance is a major health concern. Resistance to various antibiotics can be transferred by a. all options. b. transduction. c. conjugation. d. transformation. Part B: Movement of genetic information through transduction requires that a. free DNA is available in the environment. b. physical contact occurs between cells. c. transposable elements occur in a chromosome. d. viruses have infected a cell.arrow_forward
- How do repressors reduce transcription of an operon? A) recruit RNA polymerase to promoters B) block the ability of RNA polymerase to bind a promoter C) break phosphodiester bonds in the DNA D) inhibit the activity of the ribosomearrow_forwardA particular strain of λ (lambda) can lysogenize its E. coli host at 30°C, but not at 42°C. Could a temperature-sensitive mutation in the int (integrase) gene explain this phenotype? A. There is insufficient information to answer the question. B. No C. Yesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of reverse transcriptase?a. It is required for the movement of DNA transposons.b. It catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from RNA.c. It is required for the transposition of retrotransposons.d. b and c are correct.arrow_forward
- A promoter is ______. a. a specific sequence of DNA nucleotides b. a specific sequence of RNA nucleotides c. a protein that binds to DNA d. an enzyme that synthesizes RNAarrow_forwardWhat should be the environmental conditions for the fusion proteins of the influenza virus to show activity? Write. Based on this, what advice can you give people to protect against this virus? explainarrow_forwardIn prokaryotic cells, mRNA is translated as soon as it is transcribed because prokaryotes have... A. No nuclear membranes B. Fewer genes than eukaryotes C. Genes contained in plasmids D. A and Barrow_forward
- Discuss the process and give example on the following: a. Genome Project-write b. Mitochondrial DNA 'Spring Cleaning' c. Micro-encapsulation d. Specific Drug Targeting Answer a,b,c,darrow_forwardIn his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria andmice, Griffith found that(A) the protein coat from pathogenic cells wasable to transform nonpathogenic cells.(B) heat-killed pathogenic cells causedpneumonia.(C) some substance from pathogenic cells was transferred tononpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic.(D) the polysaccharide coat of bacteria causedpneumonia.arrow_forwardafter a successful infection by a viral particle, it integrates its genome into the host DNA. which term best describe the change of host genome? a. none b.silent mutation c.missense mutation d.frame shift mutationarrow_forward
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