Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 4TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
A regulon can be defined as a group of genes that are regulated as a unit, controlled by the genes, which are involved in the expression of the protein acting as a repressor or as an activator.
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Which of the following is true of transcription factors?
A)The same transcription factors are found in all cell types.
B)They can increase or decrease gene expression.
C)They are a type of cis-acting element.
D)They bind only to promoters.
Compare and contrast the role of promoter and operators with enhancers and repressors.
Regulatory transcription factors can be modulated by
a. the binding of small effector molecules.
b. protein-protein interactions.
c. covalent modifications.
d. all of the above.
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- a) What is a gene promoter? b) What proteins bind to a promoter? c) What do those proteins do to control gene expression?arrow_forwardWhat strategy does a genetically encoded calcium indicator look like to allow fluorescence imaging of only one cell type in an acute slice of the brain? A.The use of fluorescent protein expression inhibitors in other cells B.The injection of a recombinant virus causing the death of other cells C.The use of a promoter specific to these cells D.Activation of membrane receptors specific to these cellsarrow_forwardAn enhancer is a _____________ that ___________ the rate of transcription. a. trans-acting factor, increases b. trans-acting factor, decreases c. cis-acting element, increases d. cis-acting element, decreasesarrow_forward
- you design an ideal promoter for a gene to be highly expressed in E. coli cells? Describe strategies and explainarrow_forwardCan one transcription factor sometimes act as a repressor and sometimes act as an activator? a. Yes, but it depends on where the transcription factor binds in the promoter b. Yes, but it depends on other proteins that might act with the transcription factor c. No, transcription factors are always either activators or repressors d. Yes, but only if a mutation happensarrow_forwardWhich of the following best represents the central dogma of geneexpression?a. During transcription, DNA codes for polypeptides.b. During transcription, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes forpolypeptides during translation.c. During translation, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes forpolypeptides during transcription.d. none of the abovearrow_forward
- Which of the following is true? a. Enhancers are proteins that bind to activator DNA sequences. b. Activators are proteins that bind to insulator sequences c. Repressors are proteins that bind to enhancer DNA sequences. d. Repressors are proteins which bind to silencer DNA sequencers.arrow_forwardWhat is the advantage of using the neo gene to disrupt the function of a gene in knockout mice? a. The neo gene produces an antibiotic that kills unwanted cells. b. The neo gene is the right size for disabling other genes. c. The neo gene provides a selectable marker for finding cells that contain the disabled gene. d. The neo gene produces a toxin that inhibits transcription of the target genearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the best description of a transcription factor? A. A protein that brings the correct nucleotides to RNA polymerase B. A protein that binds to specific DNA sequences C. A DNA sequence that binds to RNA polymerase D. A modification that is made to mRNA to help it be exported from the nucleus. .arrow_forward
- The regulator protein that acts on a negative repressible operon is synthesized as a. an active activator. c. an active repressor. b. an inactive activator. d. an inactive repressor.arrow_forwardIs each of the following statements true or false? A. An enhancer is a type of regulatory element. B. A core promoter is a type of regulatory element. C. Regulatory transcription factors bind to regulatory elements. D. An enhancer may cause the down regulation of transcription.arrow_forwardWhy is regulating transcription the main way that cells control gene expression? A. Because transcription is the last step in gene expression, stopping here ensures that the cell has a stockpile of proteins to prepare them from all unexpected environmental changes. B. Because transcription involves interactions with DNA, preventing transcription reduces the changes of mutation in the cell’s genome. C. Because transcription is the first step in gene expression, stopping at transcription reduces the amount of energy and resources used by producing unnecessary gene products. D. Because transcription is the shortest step in gene expression, preventing transcription has little effect on the rate of protein production.arrow_forward
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