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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The cost of storing
Concept Introduction:
Glycogen is a polysaccharide that facilitates energy storage functions in animals, bacteria,
The production of energy takes place via the combustion of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fats in the presence of oxygen in the body are known as aerobic metabolism.
Metabolism is the set of life-preserving
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Bundle: Biochemistry, Loose-leaf Version, 9th + Owlv2,1 Term Printed Access Card
- REFLECT AND APPLY Explain how glycogen phosphorylase is controlled allosterically and by covalent modification.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY In metabolism, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) can be used for glycogen synthesis or for glycolysis, among other fates. What does it cost, in terms of ATP equivalents, to store G6P as glycogen, rather than to use it for energy in glycolysis? Hint: The branched structure of glycogen leads to 90% of glucose residues being released as glucose-1-phosphate and 10% as glucose.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Avidin, a protein found in egg whites, binds to biotin so strongly that it inhibits enzymes that require biotin. What is the effect of avidin on glycogen formation? On gluconeogenesis? On the pentose phosphate pathway?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLLY Is the reaction of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate a redox reaction? Give the reason for your answer.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLLY High levels of glucose-6-phosphate inhibit glycolysis. If the concentration of glucose-6-phosphate decreases, activity is restored. Why?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY A researcher claims to have discovered a variant form of glycogen. The variation is that it has very few branches (every 50 glucose residues or so) and that the branches are only three residues long. Is it likely that this discovery will be confirmed by later work?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY The malate-aspartate shuttle yields about 2.5 moles of ATP for each mole of cytosolic NADH. Why does nature use the glycerol-phosphate shuttle, which yields only about 1.5 moles of ATP?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY In the mitochondrion is a short-chain carnitine acyltransferase that can take acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA and transfer them to carnitine. How might this be related to lipid biosynthesis?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLLY What are the metabolic effects of not being able to produce the M subunit of phosphofructokinase?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY How is it advantageous for animals to convert ingested starch to glucose and then to incorporate the glucose into glycogen?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY (a) Where in an earlier chapter have we en- countered something comparable to the action of the acyl carrier protein (ACP) of fatty acid synthesis? (b) What is a critical feature of the action of the ACP?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Explain how phosphorylation is involved in the function of the sodiumpotassium ATPase.arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage Learning
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