Concept explainers
Review. To measure how far below the ocean surface a bird dives to catch a fish, a scientist uses a method originated by Lord Kelvin. He dusts the interiors of plastic tubes with powdered sugar and then seals one end of each tube. He captures the bird at nighttime in its nest and attaches a tube to its back. He then catches the same bird the next night and removes the tube. In one trial, using a tube 6.50 cm long, water washes away the sugar over a distance of 2.70cm from the open end of the tube. Find the greatest depth to which the bird dived, assuming the air in the tube stayed at constant temperature.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 19 Solutions
Bundle: Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update, 9th Loose-leaf Version + WebAssign Printed Access Card, Multi-Term
- To measure how far below the ocean surface a bird dives to catch a fish, a scientist uses a method originated by Lord Kelvin. He dusts the interiors of plastic tubes with powdered sugar and then seals one end of each tube. He captures the bird at nighttime in its nest and attaches a tube to its back. He then catches the same bird the next night and removes the tube. In one trial, using a tube 6.50 cm long, water washes away the sugar over a distance of 2.70 cm from the open end of the tube. Find the greatest depth to which the bird dived, assuming the air in the tube stayed at constant temperature.arrow_forwardA gas is in a container of volume V0 at pressure P0. It is being pumped out of the container by a piston pump. Each stroke of the piston removes a volume Vs through valve A and then pushes the air out through valve B as shown in Figure P19.74. Derive an expression that relates the pressure Pn of the remaining gas to the number of strokes n that have been applied to the container. FIGURE P19.74arrow_forwardA vertical cylinder of cross-sectional area A is fitted with a tight-fitting, frictionless piston of mass m (Fig. P18.40). The piston is not restricted in its motion in any way and is supported by the gas at pressure P below it. Atmospheric pressure is P0. We wish to find the height h in Figure P18.40. (a) What analysis model is appropriate to describe the piston? (b) Write an appropriate force equation for the piston from this analysis model in terms of P, P0, m, A, and g. (c) Suppose n moles of an ideal gas are in the cylinder at a temperature of T. Substitute for P in your answer to part (b) to find the height h of the piston above the bottom of the cylinder. Figure P18.40arrow_forward
- How easy is it to breathe through a straw? When you breathe deeply, you pull in 4.0 L of air in about 3.0 s. This requires a pressure difference of about 4.0 kPa between the air in your lungs and the outside air. What additional pressure difference is required to pull 20°C air through a straw that is 22 cm long and 0.56 cm in diameter?arrow_forward**52. The drawing shows a container that is partially filled with 2.0 grams of water. The temperature is maintained at a constant 20 °C. The space above the liquid contains air that is completely saturated with water vapor. A tube of length 0.15 m and cross-sectional area 3.0 X 10-ª m² connects the water vapor at one end to air that remains completely dry at the other end. The diffusion constant for water vapor in air is 2.4× 10-5 m²/s. How long does it take for the water in the container to evaporate completely? (Hint: Refer to Problem 75 in Chapter 12 to find the pressure of the water vapor.) - 0.15 m- Water - Dry air vapor Liquid waterarrow_forwardA pressure versus volume (pV) diagram for a system is shown in the figure. The arrows of the curve indicate the direction of the process, and the points of interest are labeled. The values for the points in the diagram are shown in the table. Volume (m³) Pressure (Pa) Vo = 25.8 Po = 1.00 × 10ª %3D 2 3 Vị = 20.8 Рі 3D 1.00 х 104 V2 = 17.4 P2 = 5.34 × 103 V3 13.9 P3 = 5.34 x 103 4 V4 = 13.9 P4 = 3.20 × 10³ %3| Vs = 9.55 P5 = 1.00 x 103 %3D Calculate the amount of work done on the system from 0–2 ( Wo2) and then for the entire curve from 0-5 (Wo5). Volume (m³) 79.81 x103 Wo2 J Incorrect 107.09 x103 Wo5 J Incorrect Pressure (Pa)arrow_forward
- A water molecule has a diameter of about 0.275 nm. How many hours would it take for a water molecule to diffuse across the surface of a Starbucks Venti sized cup of coffee whose diameter is 3.8 inches? Assume that coffee is liquid H20 for your calculation. The diffusion coefficient of H2O in water is 2.26 X 109 m2sarrow_forwardConsider an ideal gas with an absolute temperature of T1. To A) what temperature would the gas need to be heated to double it’s pressure? Express the answer in terms of T1 B) consider an ideal gas with a volume of V1. To what volume would the gas need to be compressed to double it’s pressure? Express the answer in terms of V1arrow_forward1- 0.52 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 3.00 liter (3.00 × 10-3 m3) container at 20.0°C. The gas then undergoes an isobaric process to a temperature of 260°C. What is the final pressure of the gas, in atm? Your answer needs to have 3 significant figures, including the negative sign in your answer if needed. Do not include the positive sign if the answer is positive. No unit is needed in your answer, it is already given in the question statement. 2- 0.52 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 3.00 liter (3.00 × 10-3 m3) container at 20.0°C. What is the pressure of the gas, in atm? 1.00 atm = 1.00×105 Pa. Your answer needs to have 3 significant figures, including the negative sign in your answer if needed. Do not include the positive sign if the answer is positive. No unit is needed in your answer, it is already given in the question statement.arrow_forward
- You do an experiment in which you transfer energy to 1.2 moles of a gas and measure it’s change in temperature. You make a graph of the data as shown. The y-axis is the amount of energy added and the x-axis is the temperature. A) how many moles per molecule does this substance have? B) is the substance most likely a monatomic gas, diatomic or another type of gas?arrow_forwardIn this problem you will consider the effect that thermal expansion due to temperature will have on Archimedes' principle. Take the densities of water and copper at 0ºC to be 1.00 × 103 kg/m3 and 8.90 × 103 kg/m3, respectively. a. Calculate the fraction of a copper block’s weight that is supported by the buoyant force at 0°C. b. Calculate the fraction of a copper block’s weight that is supported by the buoyant force at 95°C. Assume the volume expansion coefficient of copper is βC = 5.10 × 10-5 1/°C.arrow_forward0.52 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 3.00 liter (3.00 × 10-3 m3) container at 20.0°C. The gas then undergoes an isobaric process to a temperature of 260°C. What is the final volume of the gas, in liters? Your answer needs to have 3 significant figures, including the negative sign in your answer if needed. Do not include the positive sign if the answer is positive. No unit is needed in your answer, it is already given in the question statement.arrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning