EBK BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 8220101337627
Author: Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 1AAATB
Some endurance athletes, such as cyclists, engage in the practice of “blood doping,” in which packed red blood cells are transfused into their bloodstream immediately before an event. How might increasing the volume of red blood cells provide an advantage to an athlete? What do you think could be the risks of this practice?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Professional cycling has had much difficulty with cheating. Athletes and team doctors have discovered a variety of unnatural and illegal ways to improve sport performance. Cycling is highly aerobic
which means oxygen is required to produce energy. If you have more red blood cells, you can carry more oxygen to working muscles. There are two methods of illegal blood doping to increase the
number of red blood cells.
1. A few weeks before competition you would have some blood removed into a into a bag like when people give blood. You freeze the blood. Your body will pretty quickly replace the blood to normal
levels. Before the race, you thaw and re infuse the blood. Now you (the athlete) have more than normal amounts of red blood cells. You can now carry more oxygen to yoru working muscles and have
an unfair advantage.
2. You can also inject a hormone called erythropoetin (EPO) to stimulate the bone marrow to make more red blood cells.
What two physiological systems are involved in method…
Recently, athletes have begun to take advantage of the benefits of extra red blood cells, in a process known as `` blood doping`` (You can do your own research on it). Two weeks prior to a competition, a blood sample is taken and centrifuged, and the red blood cell component is stored. A few days before the event, the red blood cells are injected into the athlete. Why would athletes remove red blood cells only to return them to their bodies later? What problems could be created.
when we use interventions to lessen the symptoms of inflammation, such as ice for swelling, and antipyretics for fever, wouldn't that slow the healing process? For instance, ice reduces swelling through vasoconstriction, however, the site of injury requires increased blood flow for tissue repair. Therefore, vasoconstriction would halt the healing process and prolong injury. Would it be more advantageous then to let our bodies do their job and just deal with the symptoms?
Chapter 19 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
Ch. 19 - Describe how contraction of the diaphragm allows...Ch. 19 - Describe the movement of blood through the four...Ch. 19 - Alveoli are ___________. small air sacs at the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4LTBCh. 19 - Prob. 5LTBCh. 19 - Prob. 6LTBCh. 19 - Prob. 7LTBCh. 19 - Prob. 8LTBCh. 19 - Heart attacks ___________. are typically caused by...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10LTB
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Describe the evolution of mammals, tracing their synapsid lineage from early amniote ancestors to true mammals....
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
1. Genetics affects many aspects of our lives. Identify three ways genetics affects your life or the life of a ...
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
More than one choice may apply. Using the terms listed below, fill in the blank with the proper term. anterior ...
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
1. The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is
A. (a) organ, organ system, cellular, che...
Human Anatomy & Physiology (Marieb, Human Anatomy & Physiology) Standalone Book
Jellyfish Lake, located on the Pacific island of Palau, is home to millions of jellyfish. Many years ago, sea l...
BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements about red blood cells is false? a. They live about 120 days before being replaced. b. They lack a nucleus and other organelles when they are mature. c. They are replaced when the hormone EPO stimulates stem cells in bone marrow. d. They are replaced as part of a negative feedback loop in which kidney cells monitor blood oxygen levels e. All the above statements are true except b, because all cells require a nucleus in order to function properly.arrow_forwardAn example of feedback is seen in blood clotting. Part of the complex biochemical pathway of clotting is the production of an enzyme that forms the matrix of the blood clot, but also speeds up the production of still more thrombin. That is, it has a self-catalytic, self-accelerating effect, so that once the clotting process begins, it runs faster and faster until, ideally, bleeding stops. Thus, this positive feedback loop is part of a larger negative feedback loop, one that is activated by bleeding and ultimately works to stop the bleeding. So ultimately in keeping homeostasis, which of the following is true: This is a positive feedback loop This is a negative feedback looparrow_forwardIn circulatory system, one the main function of our blood is controlling our body temperature. Explain further this : – Blood regulation fuctions is maintaining body temperature by absorbing amd distributing heat.arrow_forward
- As an undergraduate intern in psychiatric unit a patient requesting therapeutic marijuana asks you why his physician has recommended a close monitoring of blood cell components. Remembering you took notes on this in one of your neuroscience lectures, you respond that is because marijuana can affect not only cells in the brain but also brain blood circulation lymphocyte count in the blood erythrocyte count in the blood cells in the bone marrowarrow_forwardYou are doing experiments in a lab to test a potential new drug (you are calling it “relaxomere”) for the treatment of hypertension. You perform your initial experiments on a section of artery that you have removed from your laboratory rats. You are extremely excited because placing your arterial prep in a bath containing relaxomere results in significant increases in diameter as a result of smooth muscle relaxation. However, when you attempt to produce the same relaxing affect in smooth muscle cells that you have isolated from your arterial prep you get absolutely no response. You are very depressed until you recall a mechanism discussed in physiology class that could explain this result. Completely describe this mechanism.arrow_forwardBone marrow is a soft, spongy, connective tissue found inside bones. Bone marrow contains stem cells, which can generate new blood cells and, therefore, can treat many diseases of the blood. In the past, extracting bone marrow from a donor required anesthesia and a long, large needle. The process often discouraged people from signing up to be donors. A process called apheresis has made the process much less painful and invasive. In apheresis, the donor's blood passes through a sterile line into the machine. Once the blood is inside the machine, the bone marrow stem cells are extracted, and the remaining blood is returned to the donor. Donors typically only experience minor discomfort from the needles used and the loss of electrolytes. Describe how you think this advance in biotechnology will affect individuals and society. Be sure to include any potential medical or ethical issues that could arise from this new practice.arrow_forward
- Match the following with its function: plasma protein that creates osmotic pressure that prevents fluids from leaking out of blood vessels (prevents edema) A. albumin B. fibrinogen plasma protein that helps cause blood clotting C. platelets v Formed element that causes blood clotting. D. white blood cells Formed element important in the immune E. red blood cells system. F. hemoglobin v formed element that carries oxygen v protein that binds to oxygenarrow_forwardBlood doping used to be an illegal practice where extra red blood cells are given to an athlete to increase oxygen carrying capacity immediately before a race. Adverse (bad) effects of doping would include: increased blood viscosity increased blood pressure increased work on the heart all of thesearrow_forwardWhen human tissue, such as skin or a blood vessel, is torn or cut, the cells in the damaged region secrete a signal that activates specialized blood cells called platelets in the vicinity. As the platelets come in contact with one another, they begin to form a clot and release ad- ditional chemical signals to attract more platelets as well as other clotting factors until the bleeding is stopped. Which of the following correctly describes the feedback mechanism illustrated by the acti- vation of the platelets? A It is an example of positive feedback because the initial activation of the platelets causes the activation of additional platelets. B с D It is an example of negative feedback because the initial activation of the platelets is caused by a harmful stimulus. It is an example of positive feedback because the ultimate result of initial platelet activa- tion causes the bleeding to stop. It is an example of negative feedback because the initial activation of the platelets causes the…arrow_forward
- If somebody was doping on EPO and you analyzed a sample of their blood you would likely find: A. higher than normal percentage of plasma B. A higher than normal percentage of circulating reticulocytes C. lower than normal amount of blood viscosity. D. increased chance of anemiaarrow_forwardHyperglycemia associated with diabetes promotes a prothrombotic state by affecting a number of different steps in the clotting pathway. Which of the following would result in more rather than less clotting? Check all that apply. The correct answers reflect the effect of hyperglycemia on the clotting pathway! less conversion of plasminogen to plasmin 7 000000000 abnormally low number of platelets platelets more sensitive to thromboxane A2 elevated conversion of plasminogen to plasmin platelets less sensitive to thromboxane A2 low sensitivity to NO and PGI2 increased prothrombin in the blood increased amount of fibrinogen in the blood less prothrombin in the blood abnormally high number of platelets less fibrinogen in the blood high sensitivity to NO and PGI2arrow_forwardBlood is a crucial component of the cardiovascular system. Beside each job, write which type of blood cell does that job. i. Carry Oxygen or food to your lungs. ii. Find germs. iii. Eats foreign things in your body. iv. Take Carbon Dioxide or waste away. v. Kill infections.What do you need to do to keep your heart healthy? Create a poster or brochure in which you describe the things a person can do to maintain good heart health.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Excretory System; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5qaGHfdmYM;License: Standard youtube license