Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321922212
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 1AAATB
Some endurance athletes, such as cyclists, engage in the practice of “blood doping,” in which packed red blood cells are transfused into their bloodstream immediately before an event. How might increasing the volume of red blood cells provide an advantage to an athlete? What do you think could be the risks of this practice?
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Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/doping)to see doctors discuss the dangers of blood doping in sports.What are the some potential side effects of blood doping?
An example of feedback is seen in blood clotting. Part of the complex biochemical pathway of clotting is the production of an enzyme that forms the
matrix of the blood clot, but also speeds up the production of still more thrombin. That is, it has a self-catalytic, self-accelerating effect, so that once the
clotting process begins, it runs faster and faster until, ideally, bleeding stops. Thus, this positive feedback loop is part of a larger negative feedback loop,
one that is activated by bleeding and ultimately works to stop the bleeding.
So ultimately in keeping homeostasis, which of the following is true:
This is a positive feedback loop
This is a negative feedback loop
You are watching track and field competition at the Olympics. The announcer mentions that the whole team from one of the countries was disqualified because they were using blood doping. You friends who watched TV with you ask you what “blood doping” is. Explain biological principles behind two types of blood doping and possible side effects of these procedures. Give your opinion if blood doping should or should not be considered “natural” and allowed in competitive sports.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (5th Edition)
Ch. 19 - Describe how contraction of the diaphragm allows...Ch. 19 - Describe the movement of blood through the four...Ch. 19 - Alveoli are ___________. small air sacs at the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4LTBCh. 19 - Prob. 5LTBCh. 19 - Prob. 6LTBCh. 19 - Prob. 7LTBCh. 19 - Prob. 8LTBCh. 19 - Heart attacks ___________. are typically caused by...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10LTB
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- Which of the following statements about red blood cells is false? a. They live about 120 days before being replaced. b. They lack a nucleus and other organelles when they are mature. c. They are replaced when the hormone EPO stimulates stem cells in bone marrow. d. They are replaced as part of a negative feedback loop in which kidney cells monitor blood oxygen levels e. All the above statements are true except b, because all cells require a nucleus in order to function properly.arrow_forwardAs an undergraduate intern in psychiatric unit a patient requesting therapeutic marijuana asks you why his physician has recommended a close monitoring of blood cell components. Remembering you took notes on this in one of your neuroscience lectures, you respond that is because marijuana can affect not only cells in the brain but also brain blood circulation lymphocyte count in the blood erythrocyte count in the blood cells in the bone marrowarrow_forwardIn circulatory system, one the main function of our blood is controlling our body temperature. Explain further this : – Blood regulation fuctions is maintaining body temperature by absorbing amd distributing heat.arrow_forward
- Match the following with its function: plasma protein that creates osmotic pressure that prevents fluids from leaking out of blood vessels (prevents edema) A. albumin B. fibrinogen plasma protein that helps cause blood clotting C. platelets v Formed element that causes blood clotting. D. white blood cells Formed element important in the immune E. red blood cells system. F. hemoglobin v formed element that carries oxygen v protein that binds to oxygenarrow_forwardWhen human tissue, such as skin or a blood vessel, is torn or cut, the cells in the damaged region secrete a signal that activates specialized blood cells called platelets in the vicinity. As the platelets come in contact with one another, they begin to form a clot and release ad- ditional chemical signals to attract more platelets as well as other clotting factors until the bleeding is stopped. Which of the following correctly describes the feedback mechanism illustrated by the acti- vation of the platelets? A It is an example of positive feedback because the initial activation of the platelets causes the activation of additional platelets. B с D It is an example of negative feedback because the initial activation of the platelets is caused by a harmful stimulus. It is an example of positive feedback because the ultimate result of initial platelet activa- tion causes the bleeding to stop. It is an example of negative feedback because the initial activation of the platelets causes the…arrow_forwardCardiomyocytes are similar to skeletal muscle because: a. they beat involuntarily b. they are used for weight lifting c. they pulse rhythmically d. they are striatedarrow_forward
- Which cell(s) can bind to oxygen and carbon dioxide? Select one or more: a.myloid stem cells b.thrombocytes c.erythrocytes d.pluripotent stem cells e.pluripotent stem cellsarrow_forwardYou need to grow heart cells in artificial environment. What basic chemicals and facilities will you need to grow heart cells in vitro?arrow_forwardBlood is a crucial component of the cardiovascular system. Beside each job, write which type of blood cell does that job. i. Carry Oxygen or food to your lungs. ii. Find germs. iii. Eats foreign things in your body. iv. Take Carbon Dioxide or waste away. v. Kill infections.What do you need to do to keep your heart healthy? Create a poster or brochure in which you describe the things a person can do to maintain good heart health.arrow_forward
- Pus contains large numbers of dead and dying white blood cells. Why do you think pus is as thick and viscous as it is?arrow_forwardFigure 33.21 State whether each of the following processes are regulated by a positive feedback loop or a negative feedback loop. A person feels satiated after eating a large meal. The blood has plenty of red blood cells. As a result, erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates the production of new red blood cells, is no longer released from the kidney.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is (are) true concerning the pathways for blood clotting?a. The intrinsic pathway takes less time than the extrinsic pathway.b. The intrinsic and extrinsic pathways require sodium.c. The intrinsic pathway is started by factors from damaged tissues.d. The intrinsic pathway requires the same clotting factors as the extrinsic pathway.e. The common pathway results in fibrin changing to fibrinogenarrow_forward
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