Applying the Concepts
The pressures created by human population growth and economic expansion place storehouses of biological diversity such as the Tropics in peril. The seriousness of the situation is clear when we consider that probably only 1 out of every 20 tropical species is known to science. What arguments can you make for preserving biological diversity ill poor and developing countries, such as those in many areas of the Tropics? Does such preservation require that these countries sacrifice economic development? Suggest some solutions to the conflict between the growing demand for
To determine:
How one can preserve biological diversity in poor and developing countries, as in many areas of tropics.
Introduction:
Biodiversity is defined a habitat where variety of living organisms live and survive. It indicates the degree of variation of life. It includes plants, microorganisms, animals, and ecosystems such as coral reefs, deserts, and so on.
Explanation of Solution
Biodiversity is very important parameter as it involves different variety of living organisms that are found in world in different habitats. It is very important to maintain biodiversity by saving the life of several plants, animals, and microbes that are beneficial for humans. Developing nations are poorly developed as they have fewer resources. Tropical rain forest contains half of the species diversity on earth and it is very difficult to maintain the species diversity in this forest.
Soil in this region is poor in nutrient content, such as acidic soil, so there are increased chances of leaching of nutrients during heavy rainfall. Decrease in shifting cultivation, cattle ranching, cutting of trees for timber and fuel wood leads to the loss and degradation of tropical moist forest. Individuals in such regions have to save rain water for future use and minimize the misuse of water. By planting more numbers of trees, pollution caused from vehicles can be controlled. A maintained biodiversity also helps in good amount of rainfall which supports the growth of food crops and raises income.
To determine: Does preservation for biological diversity require that developing countries sacrifice economic development.
Introduction:
Biodiversity is defined as the variability among living organisms that are found in different sources. It involves huge diversity between species, within species and in an ecosystem. It involves organisms such as microorganisms, insects, plants, and animals.
Explanation of Solution
Biological conservation is not associated with the sacrifice of economic development as conservation of resources does not require any cost. Biodiversity conservation is important as it enhances the productivity of the ecosystem and supports the growth as well as development of plants and animals. It also helps in maintaining the ecological balance on Earth.
To suggest:
Some solutions for conflict between the growing demand for resources and the importance of conserving biodiversity.
Introduction:
Biodiversity is a term used to define variability and also defines the variety of different life forms found on the Earth. It plays an important role in ecosystem as it enhances the production of ecosystem by maintaining genetic variability among species.
Explanation of Solution
Due to increase in population, demand for resources increases which causes the destruction of forests for construction of human habitat and agricultural lands... Unlimited use of natural resources, such as coal and petrol, trees, wood, forest, causes pollution and causes the depletion of all the resources.
By developing convenient techniques such as solar cell panels, use of coal and petrol must be minimized, tree plantation, use of renewable sources of energy, helps in reducing pollution and also helps to increase the percentage of rain fall. Use of battery cars and environmental friendly techniques reduces the risk of biological diversity loss. It also helps to make environment healthy.
Every nation and country must plant more number of tress, make storage systems to save rain water, use renewable sources, to prevent pollution, as it all helps to maintain a healthy lifestyle and prevent biodiversity loss.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
- What makes the Galapagos Islands unique, causing it to have many endemic species? The location of the islands is in an area where only certain species can reach it. Cold water from the South Pole and warm water from the equator bring species from both climates. The islands have a constant hot ocean current from the equator and only certain species can survive in the heat from the hot current. The islands have an extremely dry climate, and only certain species are able to survive in the desert-like conditions.arrow_forwardFrom Ants to Grizzlies - General Rules for Saving Biodiversity. What relationship did Wilson observe between island size and diversity of various taxonomic groups of animals? Provide evidence from the video to support. Describe the replicated experiment that Wilson later designed in Florida to test his hypothesis more concretely. Question(s) being tested: Methods / experimental design: Results: Wilson described the world as “a series of islands fragmented by human beings”. Personally speaking, what “islands of nature” exist in the city/county where you live? Identify some specific examples and describe the land uses that surround these islands.arrow_forwardYou're analyzing biodiversity on three islands: Island A, located near the equator with varied elevations; Island B, situated in temperate latitudes and relatively flat; Island C, another equatorial island but with a wide variety of habitats. To test your answers to the first question, you decide to survey the lizard species on the islands. Below is a graphical representation of a survey plot from each island, where icons represents different species and the abundance of each species is tallied in the table below. (note: these surveys may not represent the entire island patterns, so don’t use these to try to answer the first question!) A. What is the alpha diversity on each island? Island A Island B Island C B. What is the beta diversity between each island pair (A-B, A-C, B-C)? Beta diversity A-B Beta diversity A-C Beta diversity B-C C. Calculate the Shannon-Weiner index and Simpson’s index of diversity for each island. Island A Island B Island C D. What do these diversity…arrow_forward
- Is the following statement consistent with the provided data? Answer TRUE if the statement is consistent with the data.Answer FALSE if the statement is not consistent with the data. 1. The evolution of freeze tolerance involves some factors that were not shaped directly by natural selection. 2. Because of their freeze tolerance, wood frogs may colonise more of the remainder of the island of Newfoundland than the leopard frog. 3. The distribution of the wood frog and leopard frog supports character displacement as a plausible hypothesis for why they overlap.arrow_forwardINTRODUCTION: Quadrat sampling is a classic tool for the study of ecology, especially biodiversity. In general, a series of squares (quadrats) of a set size are placed in a habitat of interest and the species within those quadrats are identified and recorded. QUESTION: What are the advantages and disadvantages of a quadrat sampling method?arrow_forwardAnother ecologist reported a diversity index value of 1.511 in a different community nearby the one you studied. This community is _ diverse than the one you calculated. Please see the attached image to get a better grasp of the question. How to Calculate Biodiversity and Ecology College Biology 2 Advanced Concepts Background Information In the Shannon index, p is the proportion (n/N) of individuals of one particular species found (n) divided by the total number of individuals found (N), ln is the natural log, Σ is the sum of the calculations, and s is the number of species... Species Evenness Species evenness takes into account the number of species and the relative abundance of species in a community. Several indices have been proposed. Two of the commonly used measures of evenness are the Shannon index (H) and the Simpson index (D). Question 2: What is the Shannon diversity index value for this community? What is the species evenness for this community?arrow_forward
- Sea otters, Enhydra lutris, are predators of sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. Sea urchins, in turn, feed on kelp. A study was conducted to determine the effect that Enhydra lutris has on kelp biodiversity. To do so, three bays that have had sea otter populations for varying amounts of time were assessed. Two different types of kelp were studied: a perennial kelp, Laminaria groenlandia, and other annual kelps. The results are shown in the graph below. Which of the following is not a conclusion that can be made from this study? a) Enhydra lutris is an important component of the kelp community. b) Removal of Enhydra lutris leads to the collapse of Stronylocentrotus franciscanus populations. c) In the absence of predation, Laminaria groenlandia outcompetes annual kelps. d) Strongylocentrotus franciscanus prefers Laminaria groenlandia to annual kelps.arrow_forwardSea otters, Enhydra lutris, are predators of sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. Sea urchins, in turn, feed on kelp. A study was conducted to determine the effect that Enhydra lutris has on kelp biodiversity. To do so, three bays that have had sea otter populations for varying amounts of time were assessed. Two different types of kelp were studied: a perennial kelp, Laminaria groenlandia, and other annual kelps. The results are shown in the graph below. The presence of Enhydra lutris in Surge Bay presents what type of factor for the Strongylocentrotus franciscanus population? a) Density dependent b) Density independent c) Competitive exclusion d) Symbiosisarrow_forwardSea otters, Enhydra lutris, are predators of sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. Sea urchins, in turn, feed on kelp. A study was conducted to determine the effect that Enhydra lutris has on kelp biodiversity. To do so, three bays that have had sea otter populations for varying amounts of time were assessed. Two different types of kelp were studied: a perennial kelp, Laminaria groenlandia, and other annual kelps. The results are shown in the graph below. What effect do sea otters have on kelp biomass? a) Negative b) Positive c) Neutral d) Symbioticarrow_forward
- Sea otters, Enhydra lutris, are predators of sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. Sea urchins, in turn, feed on kelp. A study was conducted to determine the effect that Enhydra lutris has on kelp biodiversity. To do so, three bays that have had sea otter populations for varying amounts of time were assessed. Two different types of kelp were studied: a perennial kelp, Laminaria groenlandia, and other annual kelps. The results are shown in the graph below. Additional studies have illustrated the importance of sea otter populations in kelp ecosystems. In the absence of sea otters, the ecosystem collapses. What role do sea otters serve in this ecosystem? a) Keystone species b) Dominant species c) Competitive exclusion d) Obligate speciesarrow_forwardWhat is the importance of endemic hotspots to biodiversity conservation? A. Endemic hotspots contain many species found nowhere else, so the conservation of a small amount of area will protect many species. B. Endemic hotspots have the highest species diversity, so their conservation will protect the most species. C. Endemic hotspots are those that contain species vital to human existence, ssuch as medicinal species, and therefore humans rely on these areas the most. D. Endemic hotspots are where speciation rates are thegreatest, so the conservation of those areas will likely lead to the formation of many species in the future. E. Endemic hotspots have very low ecosystem stability, therefore require more protections to avoid extiction.arrow_forwardNow think about the diversity index you calculated in the diversity and succession labs: a value calculated of 10 in Habitat A and 5 in Habitat B would indicate: Habitat A likely has higher species richness and lower species evenness than Habitat B Habitat A likely has lower species richness and lower species evenness than Habitat B Habitat A likely has higher species richness and higher species evenness than Habitat B Habitat A likely has higher species richness and the same species evenness as Habitat Barrow_forward
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning