Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 19, Problem 34Q
To determine
The distance of a star X Arietis, which is an RR Lyrae variable, whose brightness varies between
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A main sequence star of mass, M, and radius, R, collapses to a white dwarf star with a radius 1.0% as big as the original star. If ω is the angular velocity of the original star, what is the angular velocity of the white dwarf star? Approximate the star to be a uniform solid sphere.
a.
20,000ω
b.
10,000ω
c.
50,000ω
d.
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e.
5,000ω
The star HD 69830's mass is 1.7 ✕ 1030 kg, its radius is 6.3 ✕ 105 km, and it has a rotational period of approximately 35 days. If HD 69830 should collapse into a white dwarf of radius 7.8 ✕ 103 km, what would its period (in s) be if no mass were ejected and a sphere of uniform density can model HD 69830 both before and after?
Consider two stars on the main sequence, A and B. Star A has a mass of 6 M⊙. Star B has a mass of 0.3 M⊙. Compute the ratio of main sequence lifetimes for the two stars, TB/TA .
Chapter 19 Solutions
Universe
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- Plasketts binary system consists of two stars that revolve in a circular orbit about a center of mass midway between them. This statement implies that the masses of the two stars are equal (Fig. P11.19). Assume the orbital speed of each star is |v|=220km/s and the orbital period of each is 14.4 days. Find the mass M of each star. (For comparison, the mass of our Sun is 1.99 1030 kg.)arrow_forwardIf a 3 and 8 MSunstar formed together in a binary system, which star would: A. Evolve off the main sequence first? B. Form a carbon- and oxygen-rich white dwarf? C. Be the location for a nova explosion?arrow_forwardThe mass of a star is 1.99·1031 kg and its angular velocity is 1.60E-7 rad/s. Find its new angular velocity if the diameter suddenly shrinks to 0.27 times its present size. Assume a uniform mass distribution before and after. Icm for a solid sphere of uniform density is 2/5 mr2.arrow_forward
- For a main sequence star with luminosity L, how many kilograms of hydrogen is being converted into helium per second? Use the formula that you derive to estimate the mass of hydrogen atoms that are converted into helium in the interior of the sun (LSun = 3.9 x 1026 W). (Note: the mass of a hydrogen atom is 1 mproton and the mass of a helium atom is 3.97 mproton. You need four hydrogen nuclei to form one helium nucleus.)arrow_forwardA star is observed with a surface temperature of 3,000 K and a luminosity of 100,000 solar luminosities What is the approximate mass of this star? a. 300 Solar masses b. it can't be determined from this information c. 3 Solar masses d. 0.3 Solar masses e. 30 Solar Massesarrow_forwardA star rotates with a period of 30 days about an axis through its center. The period is the time interval required for a point on the star’s equator to make one complete revolution around the axis of rotation. After the star undergoes a supernova explosion, the stellar core, which had a radius of 1.0 × 104 km, collapses into a neutron star of radius 10.0 km. Determine the period of rotation of the neutron star.arrow_forward
- Assume that when a certain main sequence star becomes a giant gas, its luminosity increases from L to 1000 L and its radius also increases from R to 1000 R. If the initial surface temperature is T, what approximately is the final surface temperature? A. 0.032 T B. 0.18 T C. 0.0010 T D. 0.010 Tarrow_forwarda distant star is 6.37*10^7 times bigger than pluto. If the volume of pluto is 6.8 * 10^7 km^3, what is te volume of the disant star in cubic kilometers.arrow_forwardUse t = 1 M2.5 to compute the life expectancy of a 0.6-solar-mass star. (A solar lifetime is approximately 10 billion years.) yrWhy might this be an underestimate if the star is fully mixed by convection? a) If the star is fully mixed its mass will be much larger than 0.6 solar masses. b) If the star is fully mixed its mass will be much smaller than 0.6 solar masses. c) If the star is fully mixed it will be able to use a larger portion of its hydrogen in fusion than the Sun. d) If the star is fully mixed it will be able to use a smaller portion of its hydrogen in fusion than the Sun.arrow_forward
- Suppose we represent an ordinary star as a uniform solid rigid sphere. The star’s initial radius is 644000 km (comparableto the size of our sun). After it collapses, forming a neutron star, its final radius is only 18.3 km! If the original starmakes one complete rotation about its axis once per month (every 30 days), find the neutron star’s period of rotationjust after the original star has collapsed.Tafter = (in s)arrow_forwardFigure 19.9 is the light curve for the prototype cepheid variable Delta Cephei. How does the luminosity of this star compare with that of the Sun? Figure 19.9 Cepheid Light Curve. This light curve shows how the brightness changes with time for a typical cepheid variable, with a period of about 6 days.arrow_forwardIf two stars are in a binary system with a combined mass of 5.5 solar masses and an orbital period of 12 years, what is the average distance between the two stars?arrow_forward
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