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Fundamentals of Physics, Volume 1, Chapter 1-20
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781118233764
Author: David Halliday
Publisher: WILEY
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Question
Chapter 19, Problem 35P
To determine
To find:
a) Average speed
b) RMS speed
c) If
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Students have asked these similar questions
Ten particles are moving with the following speeds: four at 200 m/s, two at 500 m/s, and four at 600 m/s. Calculate their (a) average and (b) rms speeds. (c) Is vrms > vavg?
1. Five bicyclists are riding at speeds 2.6 m/s, 4.7 m/s, 5.4 m/s, 3.5 m/s, and 2.6 m/s.
a) What is their average speed?
V ave
b) What is their rms speed?
Vrms
m/s
m/s
Problem 6: The atomic and molecular rms speeds of gases, vrms, are usually quite large, even at low temperatures.
What is vrms, in meters per second, for helium atoms at 5.55 K (which is close to the point of liquefaction)?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Fundamentals of Physics, Volume 1, Chapter 1-20
Ch. 19 - For four situations for an ideal gas, the table...Ch. 19 - In the p-V diagram of Fig. 19-17, the gas does 5 J...Ch. 19 - For a temperature increase of T1, a certain amount...Ch. 19 - The dot in Fig, 19-18a represents the initial...Ch. 19 - A certain amount of energy is to be transferred as...Ch. 19 - The dot in Fig. 19-18b represents the initial...Ch. 19 - a Rank the four paths of Fig. 19-16 according to...Ch. 19 - The dot in Fig. 19-18c represents the initial...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9QCh. 19 - Does the temperature of an ideal gas increase,...
Ch. 19 - Prob. 1PCh. 19 - Gold has a molar mass of 197 g/mol. a How many...Ch. 19 - SSM Oxygen gas having a volume of 1000 cm3 at...Ch. 19 - A quantity of ideal gas at: 10.0C and 100 kPa...Ch. 19 - The best laboratory vacuum has a pressure of about...Ch. 19 - Water bottle in a hot car. In the American...Ch. 19 - Suppose 1.80 mol of an ideal gas is taken from a...Ch. 19 - Compute a the number of moles and b the number of...Ch. 19 - An automobile tire has a volume of 1.64 102 m3...Ch. 19 - A container encloses 2 mol of an ideal gas that...Ch. 19 - SSM ILW WWW Air that initially occupies 0.140 m3...Ch. 19 - GO Submarine rescue. When the U.S. submarine...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13PCh. 19 - In the temperature range 310 K to 330 K, the...Ch. 19 - Suppose 0.825 mol of an ideal gas undergoes an...Ch. 19 - An air bubble of volume 20 cm3 is at the bottom of...Ch. 19 - GO Container A in Fig. 19-22 holds an ideal gas at...Ch. 19 - The temperature and pressure in the Suns...Ch. 19 - a Compute the rms speed of a nitrogen molecule at...Ch. 19 - Calculate the rms speed of helium atoms at 1000 K....Ch. 19 - SSM The lowest possible temperature in outer space...Ch. 19 - Find the rms speed of argon atoms at 313 K. See...Ch. 19 - A beam of hydrogen molecules H2 is directed toward...Ch. 19 - At 273 K and 1.00 102 atm, the density of a gas...Ch. 19 - Prob. 25PCh. 19 - Prob. 26PCh. 19 - Water standing in the open at 32.0C evaporates...Ch. 19 - At what frequency would the wavelength of sound in...Ch. 19 - SSM The atmospheric density at an altitude of 2500...Ch. 19 - Prob. 30PCh. 19 - In a certain particle accelerator, protons travel...Ch. 19 - Prob. 32PCh. 19 - Prob. 33PCh. 19 - Prob. 34PCh. 19 - Prob. 35PCh. 19 - The most probable speed of the molecules in a gas...Ch. 19 - Prob. 37PCh. 19 - Figure 19-24 gives the probability distribution...Ch. 19 - At what temperature does the rms speed of a...Ch. 19 - Two containers are at the same temperature. The...Ch. 19 - Prob. 41PCh. 19 - What is the internal energy of 1.0 mol of an ideal...Ch. 19 - Prob. 43PCh. 19 - GO One mole of ail ideal diatomic gas goes from a...Ch. 19 - ILW The mass of a gas molecule can be computed...Ch. 19 - Under constant pressure, the temperature of 2.00...Ch. 19 - The temperature of 2.00 mol of an ideal monatomic...Ch. 19 - GO When 20.9 J was added as heat to a particular...Ch. 19 - SSM A container holds a mixture of three...Ch. 19 - We give 70 J as heat to a diatomic gas, which then...Ch. 19 - Prob. 51PCh. 19 - GO Suppose 12.0 g of oxygen O2 gas is heated at...Ch. 19 - SSM WWW Suppose 4.00 mol of an ideal diatomic gas...Ch. 19 - We know that for an adiabatic process pV = a...Ch. 19 - A certain gas occupies a volume of 4.3 L at a...Ch. 19 - Suppose 1.00 L of a gas with = 1.30, initially at...Ch. 19 - The volume of an ideal gas is adiabatically...Ch. 19 - GO Opening champagne. In a bottle of champagne,...Ch. 19 - GO Figure 19-26 shows two paths that may be taken...Ch. 19 - GO Adiabatic wind. The normal airflow over the...Ch. 19 - GO A gas is to be expanded from initial state i to...Ch. 19 - GO An ideal diatomic gas, with rotation but no...Ch. 19 - Figure 19-27 shows a cycle undergone by 1.00 mol...Ch. 19 - Calculate the work done by an external agent...Ch. 19 - An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic compression...Ch. 19 - Prob. 66PCh. 19 - An ideal monatomic gas initially has a temperature...Ch. 19 - Prob. 68PCh. 19 - SSM The envelope and basket of a hot-air balloon...Ch. 19 - An ideal gas, at initial temperature T1 and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 71PCh. 19 - At what temperature do atoms of helium gas have...Ch. 19 - Prob. 73PCh. 19 - Prob. 74PCh. 19 - The temperature of 3.00 mol of a gas with CV =...Ch. 19 - During a compression at a constant pressure of 250...Ch. 19 - SSM Figure 19-28 shows a hypothetical speed...Ch. 19 - Prob. 78PCh. 19 - SSM An ideal gas undergoes isothermal compression...Ch. 19 - Oxygen O2 gas at 273 K and 1.0 atm is confined to...Ch. 19 - An ideal pas is taken through a complete cycle in...Ch. 19 - Prob. 82PCh. 19 - SSM A sample of ideal gas expands from an initial...Ch. 19 - An ideal gas with 3.00 mol is initially in state 1...Ch. 19 - A steel lank contains 300 g of ammonia gas NH3 at...Ch. 19 - In an industrial process the volume of 25.0 mol of...Ch. 19 - Figure 19-29 shows a cycle consisting of five...Ch. 19 - An ideal gas initially at 300 K is compressed at a...Ch. 19 - A pipe of length L = 25.0 m that is open at one...Ch. 19 - In a motorcycle engine, a piston is forced down...Ch. 19 - For adiabatic processes in an ideal gas, show that...Ch. 19 - Air at 0.000C and 1.00 atm pressure has a density...Ch. 19 - Prob. 93PCh. 19 - Prob. 94PCh. 19 - Prob. 95PCh. 19 - For air near 0C, by how much does the speed of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 97P
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Similar questions
- What is the gauge pressure inside a tank of 4.86104 mol of compressed nitrogen with a volume of 6.56 m3 if the rms speed is 514 m/s?arrow_forwardEight bumper cars, each with a mass of 322 kg. are running in a room 21.0 m long and 130 m wide. They have no driver, so they just bounce around on their own. The rms speed of the cars is 2.50 m/s. Repeating the arguments of Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed, find the average force per unit length (analogous to Pressure) that the cars exert the walls.arrow_forwardConsider the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function plotted in Problem 28. For those parameters, determine the rms velocity and the most probable speed, as well as the values of f(v) for each of these values. Compare these values with the graph in Problem 28. 28. Plot the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function for a gas composed of nitrogen molecules (N2) at a temperature of 295 K. Identify the points on the curve that have a value of half the maximum value. Estimate these speeds, which represent the range of speeds most of the molecules are likely to have. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. Equation 20.18 can be used to find the rms velocity given the temperature, Boltzmanns constant, and the mass of the atom or molecule. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. vrms=3kBTm=3(1.381023J/K)4.681026kg=511m/s Using the results of Problem 28 and the rms velocity, we can calculate the value of f(v). f(vrms) = (3.11 108)(511)2 e(5.75106(511)2) = 0.00181 The most probable speed, for which this function has its maximum value, is given by Equation 20.20. vmp=2kBTm=2(1.381023J/K)(295K)4.681026kg=417m/s f(vmp) = (3.11108)(417)2 e(5.75106(417)2) = 0.00199 We plot these points on the speed distribution. The most probable speed is indeed at the peak of the distribution function. Since the function is not symmetric, the rms velocity is somewhat higher than the most probable speed. Figure P20.29ANSarrow_forward
- (a) Show that the density of an ideal gas occupying a volume V is given by = PM/KT, where M is the molar mass. (b) Determine the density of oxygen gas at atmospheric pressure and 20.0C.arrow_forwardAverage atomic and molecular speeds (vrms) are large, even at low temperatures. What is vrms for helium atoms at 5.00 K, just one degree above helium's liquefaction temperature?arrow_forwardFifteen identical particles have various speeds: one has a speed of 2.00 m/s, two have speeds of 3.00 m/s, three have speeds of 5.00 m/s, four have speeds of 7.00 m/s, three have speeds of 9.00 m/s, and two have speeds of 12.0 m/s. Find (a) the average speed, (b) the rms speed, and (c) the most probable speed of these particles.arrow_forward
- The mean flee path for helium at a certain temperature and pressure is 2.10107 m. The radius of a helium atom can be taken as 1.101011 m. What is the measure of the density of helium under those conditions (a) in molecules per cubic meter and (b) in moles per cubic meter? `arrow_forwarda) At what temperature do oxygen molecules have the same average speed as helium atoms ( M=4.00 g/mol) have at 300 K? b) What is answer to the same question about most probable speeds? c) What is the answer to the same question about rms speeds?arrow_forwardThe atomic and molecular rms speeds of gases, vrms, are usually quite large, even at low temperatures. What is vrms, in meters per second, for helium atoms at 4.95 K (which is close to the point of liquefaction)?arrow_forward
- What is the RMS speed of Helium atoms when the temperature of the Helium gas is 312.0 K? (Possibly useful 1.66x10-27 kg, Boltzmann's constants: the atomic mass of Helium is 4.00 AMU, the Atomic Mass Unit is: 1 AMU constant is: kg = 1.38×10-23 J/K.) kB Submit Answer Tries 0/12 What would be the RMS speed, if the temperature of the Helium gas was doubled? Submit Answer Tries 0/12 =arrow_forwardVRMS-1 Consider a container of Argon gas at a temperature of 25.0 °C. The mass of an Argon atom is 39.96 AMU, where 1 AMU = 1.66×10-27 kg. (a) What is the average kinetic energy per Argon atom, in Joules (J)? (b) What is the RMS average speed of the Argon atoms, in meters per second (m/s)? (c) What would the temperature of the gas have to be for the RMS average speed to 275 m/s? Give your answer in degrees Celsius (°C).arrow_forwardAn ideal gas is kept in a container of constant volume. The pressure of the gas is also kept constant. (a) Ifthe number of molecules in the gas is doubled, does the rms speedincrease, decrease, or stay the same? Explain. (b) If the initial rmsspeed is 1300 m>s, what is the final rms speed?arrow_forward
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