Gen Combo Ll Biology; Connect W/learnsmart Labs Access Card
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259853197
Author: Robert Brooker
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 19, Problem 3CQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The way in which the maternal effect genes, segmentation genes and homeotic genes control the process of development in animals.
Introduction: Regulation of genes is an important part of the expression of genes and is the reason why different genes are expressed differently in different organisms. The homeotic genes, segmentation genes and maternal effect genes help in the regulation of morphological features of the organism through certain transcriptional factors.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Gen Combo Ll Biology; Connect W/learnsmart Labs Access Card
Ch. 19.1 - 20.1 General Themes in Development Concept Check:...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 19.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.1 - Prob. 2BCCh. 19.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 19.2 - Development in Animals I: Pattern Formation...Ch. 19.2 - Development in Animals I: Pattern Formation...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 4CC
Ch. 19.2 - Development in Animals I: Pattern Formation Core...Ch. 19.2 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...Ch. 19.2 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...Ch. 19.2 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...Ch. 19.2 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...Ch. 19.2 - Development in Animals II: Cell Differentiation...Ch. 19.3 - Development in Plants Concept Check: Where are...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19 - The process whereby a cells morphology and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2TYCh. 19 - Positional information is important in determining...Ch. 19 - Morphogens are a. molecules that disrupt normal...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5TYCh. 19 - Arrange the following phases of pattern formation...Ch. 19 - Prob. 7TYCh. 19 - Prob. 8TYCh. 19 - An embryonic stem cell that can give rise to any...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10TYCh. 19 - Prob. 1CQCh. 19 - The MyoD gene in mammals plays a role in muscle...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3CQCh. 19 - Prob. 1COQCh. 19 - Is it possible for a phenotypically normal female...
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- Gene dosage—the number of copies of a gene that areactively being expressed—is important to proper development. Identify and describe two processes that establish the proper dosage of certain genes.arrow_forwardExplain the importance of differential gene expression in developmentarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of autonomous specification? Multiple Drosophila nuclei division without cellularization of blastomeres Destroying one half of a 2 cell stage Xenopus embryo and subsequent loss of half the embryological structures Differentiation concentration of paracrine factors within the embryo cytoplasm Separation of sea urchin blastomeres resulting in individual pluteus larva development O o oarrow_forward
- Another way to study the role of proteins (e.g., transcription factors) that function in development is to microinject the mRNA that encodes a protein, or the purified protein itself, into an oocyte or embryo, and then determine how this affects the subsequent development of the embryo, larva, and adult. For example, if Bicoid protein is injected into the posterior region of an oocyte, the resulting embryo will develop into a larva that has anterior structures at both ends. Based on your understanding of the function of each developmental gene, what would be the predicted phenotype if the following proteins or mRNAs were injected into normal oocytes? A. Nanos mRNA injected into the anterior end of an oocyte B. Antp protein injected into the posterior end of an embryo C. Toll mRNA injected into the dorsal side of an early embryoarrow_forwardindicate the stage at which segmentation genes, homeotic genes, and egg-polarity genes would have an effect on development.arrow_forwardExplain the functional roles of maternal-effect genes, gap genes, pair-rule genes, and segment-polarity genes in Drosophila development.arrow_forward
- provide one example from the Drosophila AP toolkit for "Toolkit genes can be classified according to the phenotypes caused by their mutation. Similar mutant phenotypes often reflect genes that function in a single developmental pathway. Distinct pathways exist for the generation of body axes, for example, and for the formation and identity of fields."arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of conditional specification? Multiple Drosophila nuclei division without cellularization of blastomeres Destroying one half of a 2 cell stage Xenopus embryo and subsequent loss of half the embryological structures Separation of sea urchin blastomeres resulting in individual pluteus larva development Differentiation concentration of paracrine factors within the embryo cytoplasmarrow_forwardDevelopmental abnormalities can result from: 1. Under expression of some genes 2. All of these choices are correct 3. Inappropriate interaction among gene products that were expressed in the wrong amounts and wrong time 4. Over expression of some genes 5. corrupted timing of the normal time genes are expressedarrow_forward
- Compare and contrast how maternal-effect genes, gap genes, and homeotic genes affect Drosophila development.arrow_forwardDefine what Morphogenesis is. And then provide an example that shows how morphogenesis is relevant to developmental biology. Please make the description/example very detailed.arrow_forwardWhat statement best describes the difference between "fate maps" and "specification"? If cells are transplanted from their normal region in an embryo to a different region in a recipient embryo, such cells will alter their fate, but not their specification. Cell fate map describes the allocation of cells to the germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm, or endoderm, whereas specification describes the exact tissues that each cell will ultimately become. The fate map of an embryo does not change during development -- the fate map of an egg is the same as the fate map of a late blastula -- whereas the specification map of an embryo changes continually as the embryo's development proceeds. The fate map of a cell is determined by labelling that cell and following it during normal development, whereas the specification state of a cell is determined by culturing a cell in an artificial medium and observing what tissues form from it.arrow_forward
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