EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220103613828
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 4TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Bacteria are single-celled prokaryotic microorganisms. A bacteriophage is also called as bacterial virus that is formed when a virus infects a bacterium. T2 and T4 are enterobacteria phages that infect and kill E. coli. They are also known as T-even phages because they are double stranded. T-even phages are commonly used as model organisms for various genetic studies. The experiments performed by Hershey and Chase using bacteriophages already proved that DNA is the genetic material of inheritance.
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During the lytic replication cycle of the bacteriophage T4, the phage _________ remains outside the cell while the phage ________ enters the cell.
A) capsid protein… tail fibers
B) DNA… protein
C) envelope… DNA
D) enzymes… ribosome
E) protein… genetic material
F) RNA… capsid protein
Why is a webbed plate capable of producing a higher lysate titer (pfu/mL) than a cleared plate?
a.) A webbed plate has plaques that have gone through more rounds of replication because the number of host cells did not limit phage replication, creating exponentially more phage particles
b.) A webbed plate has no more host available for replication, meaning the plate is full of exponentially higher amounts of phage
c.) A cleared plate has less bacteria than a webbed plate, so there are more plaques present
d.) A cleared plate contains more phage than a webbed plate because it started with a more concentrated phage sample
Which of the statements is TRUE about conjugation?
a)
Plasmid DNA is transferred from a donor (F+) cell
b)
It may only be performed by competent cells
c)
DNA is always integrated into recipient chromosome
d)
It may be specialized or generalized
Chapter 19 Solutions
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 19.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Bacteriophages were used to...Ch. 19.2 - Compare the effect on the host cell of a lytic...Ch. 19.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the CRISPR-Cas system to...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.2 - Why is HIV called a retrovirus?Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 19.3 - Describe two ways in which a preexisting virus can...Ch. 19.3 - Contrast horizontal and vertical transmission of...Ch. 19.3 - WHAT IF? TMV has been isolated from virtually all...
Ch. 19 - Are viruses generally considered living or...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.2CRCh. 19 - Prob. 19.3CRCh. 19 - Which of the following characteristics,...Ch. 19 - Emerging viruses arise by (A) mutation of existing...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 19 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 19 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 19 - DRAW IT Redraw Figure 19.8 to show the replicative...Ch. 19 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION The successof some viruses...Ch. 19 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY When bacteria infect an animal,...Ch. 19 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION While viruses...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10TYU
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- The induced clones are developed by ________ into the host cell.a) Nuclear transfer b) Gene transfer c) Cell transfer d) Antigen transferarrow_forwardWhich of the following terms describes bacteriophage DNA that has become integrated into the host cell chromosome? A) plasmid B) impolite phage C) transposon D) prophagearrow_forwardWhich process listed below allows genetic material to be transferred from a virus-like particle that lacks genes for its own replication? A) Conjugation of an F+ plasmid B) Gene transfer through a gene transfer agent C) Transduction by a dsDNA phage Mu D) Transformation of a linear piece of DNAarrow_forward
- Monoclonal anti-bodies are the anti-bodies produced by_______ cells.a) cloned b) fertilized c) stem d) embryoarrow_forwardSynthesis of new bacteriophages in a bacterial host involves the use of a.) Host cell encoded proteins only b.)Virally encoded proteins only c.) Both host and virally encoded proteinsarrow_forwardIn his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria andmice, Griffith found that(A) the protein coat from pathogenic cells wasable to transform nonpathogenic cells.(B) heat-killed pathogenic cells causedpneumonia.(C) some substance from pathogenic cells was transferred tononpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic.(D) the polysaccharide coat of bacteria causedpneumonia.arrow_forward
- In order to determine the genetic material of a T2 phage, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conducted experiments using T2 phages that infected bacteria. In one treatment, they grew phages with radioactive sulfur. In another treatment, they grew phages with radioactive phosphorous. They allowed both types of phages to infect bacterial cells. After infection, they found that only bacteria infected with phages grown with radioactive phosphorous showed any radioactivity. Why did they use radioactive sulfur and phosphorous for this experiment? * O Sulfur is part of the DNA molecule but not part of a protein molecule. Sulfur and phosphorous are some of the most reactive molecules and are easily traced. Sulfur and phosphorous are able to survive the centrifuge, a crucial component of the experiment. O Phosphorous is part of the DNA molecule but not part of a protein molecule.arrow_forwardInfluenza vaccines must be changed yearly because the amino acid sequence of the viral proteins change gradually over time. Based on this information, which is the most logical conclusion? The influenza virusa) is enveloped. b) is non-enveloped.c) has a DNA genome. d) has an RNA genome.e) causes a persistent infection.arrow_forwardWhich of the statements about bacteriophage is FALSE: a) specialized transduction is a low frequency event b) may accidently package host DNA into a phage particle c) may perform specialized transduction d) only have a lytic life cyclearrow_forward
- Which of the following are activities that a virus particle (a virion) cannot accomplish by itself? Select all that apply. a) Extract energy from food molecules b) Synthesis of capsid proteins c) Generate ATP d) Binding to a host cell e) Replication of the viral genomearrow_forwardThe mechanism of specialized transduction relies on the improper excision of a bacteriophage genome that is integrated in the host cell chromosom A) O True B) O Falsearrow_forwardPrions “replicate” by _____. A) replicating their RNA genome within the cytoplasm B) converting normally-folded versions of the protein into misfolded version C) inserting their genome into the host cells chromosome where it will continue to divide indefinitely D) using reverse transcriptase to copy their RNA genome into a complementary copy of DNAarrow_forward
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