Physics For Scientists And Engineers
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781429201247
Author: Paul A. Tipler, Gene Mosca
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 19, Problem 51P
(a)
To determine
The maximum amount of heat absorbed.
(b)
To determine
The heat absorbed by the compartment.
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A large electrical power station generates 1000 MW of electricity with an efficiency of 35.0%. (a) Calculate the heat transfer to the power station, Qh, in one day. (b) How much heat transfer Qc occurs to the environment in one day? (c) If the heat transfer in the cooling towers is from 35.0C water into the local air mass, which increases in temperature from 18.0C to 20.0C, what is the total increase in entropy due to this heat transfer? (d) How much energy becomes unavailable to do work because of this increase in entropy, assuming an 18.0C lowest temperature? (Part of Qc could be utilized to operate heat engines or for simply heating the surroundings, but it rarely is.)
(a) What is the best coefficient of performance for a refrigerator that cools an environment at -30.0C and has heat transfer to another environment at 45.0C? (b) How much work in joules must be done for a heat transfer of 4186 kJ from the cold environment? (c) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per 3.60 X 106 J (a kilowatt-hour)? (d) How many kJ of heat transfer occurs into the warm environment? (e) Discuss what type of refrigerator might operate between these temperatures.
A large electrical power station generates 1000 MW of electricity with an efficiency of 35.0%. (a) Calculate the heat transfer to the power station, Qh , in one day. (b) How much heat transfer Qc occurs to the environment in one day? (c) If the heat transfer in the cooling towers is from 35.0º C water into the local air mass, which increases in temperature from 18.0º C to 20.0º C , what is the total increase in entropy due to this heat transfer? (d) How much energy becomes unavailable to do work because of this increase in entropy, assuming an 18.0º C lowest temperature? (Part of Qccould be utilized to operate heat engines or for simply heating the surroundings, but it rarely is.)
Chapter 19 Solutions
Physics For Scientists And Engineers
Ch. 19 - Prob. 1PCh. 19 - Prob. 2PCh. 19 - Prob. 3PCh. 19 - Prob. 4PCh. 19 - Prob. 5PCh. 19 - Prob. 6PCh. 19 - Prob. 7PCh. 19 - Prob. 8PCh. 19 - Prob. 9PCh. 19 - Prob. 10P
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- (a) What is the best coefficient of performance for a refrigerator that cools an environment at −30.0ºC and has heat transfer to another environment at 45.0ºC ? (b) How much work in joules must be done for a heat transfer of 4186kJ from the cold environment? (c) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per 3.60×106 J (a kilowatthour)?(d) How many kJ of heat transfer occurs into the warm environment?(e) Discuss what type of refrigerator might operate between these temperatures.arrow_forward(a) What is the best coefficient of performance for a refrigerator that cools an environment at -28 C and has heat transfer to another environment at 49 ° C? COP, = 3.18 ref (b) How much work must be done for a heat transfer of 4186 kJ from the cold environment? W = 1316.4 kJ (c) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 cents per 3.6x10° J (a kilowatt-hour)? Cost in cents = 3.66 (d) How many kJ of heat transfer, Q, occurs into the warm environment? Qn = 1314.5arrow_forward5. (a) How much heat transfer occurs to the environment by an electrical power station that uses1.25 × 10^14 J of heat transfer into the engine with an efficiency of 42.0%? (b) What is the ratioof heat transfer to the environment to work output? (c) How much work is done?arrow_forward
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- (a) How much heat transfer occurs to the environment by an electrical power station that uses 1.25×1014 J of heat transfer into the engine with an efficiency of 42.0%? (b) What is the ratio of heat transfer to the environment to work output? (c) How much work is done?arrow_forwardA 4-ton air conditioner removes 5.06×107 J (48,000 British thermal units) from a cold environment in 1.00 h. (a) What energy input in joules is necessary to do this if the airconditioner has an energy efficiency rating ( EER ) of 12.0?(b) What is the cost of doing this if the work costs 10.0 centsper 3.60×106 J (one kilowatt-hour)? (c) Discuss whether this cost seems realistic. Note that the energy efficiency rating ( EER ) of an air conditioner or refrigerator is defined to be the number of British thermal units of heat transfer from a cold environment per hour divided by the watts of power input.arrow_forwardA typical coal-fired power plant generates 1000 MW of usablepower at an overall thermal efficiency of 40%. (a) What is the rateof heat input to the plant? (b) The plant burns anthracite coal, which hasa heat of combustion of 2.65 * 10^7 J/kg. How much coal does the plantuse per day, if it operates continuously? (c) At what rate is heat ejectedinto the cool reservoir, which is the nearby river? (d) The river is at18.0 C before it reaches the power plant and 18.5 C after it has receivedthe plant’s waste heat. Calculate the river’s flow rate, in cubic meters persecond. (e) By how much does the river’s entropy increase each second?arrow_forward
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