BIOLOGY(LL)-W/ACCESS CODE >CUSTOM<
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264058167
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 6A
What would be the likely result of a mutation of the bcl-2 gene on the level of apoptosis
a. No change
b. A decrease in apoptosis
c. An increase in apoptosis
d. An initial decrease, followed by an increase in apoptosis
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BAX proteins stimulate apoptosis. Mutations in BAX genes can help developing cancers but not necessarily trigger a tumor. This is because
a. mutations in BAX do not contribute to tumorigenesis, but BAX can prevent the formation of a tumor
b. mutations in BAX may over-stimulate apoptosis
c. mutations in BAX contribute to tumorigenesis only with other inhibitors of apoptosis
d. mutations in BAX prevent the formation of tumors
Predict the effects of the following mutations on the ability of a cell to undergo apoptosis:a. Mutation in Bad such that it cannot be phosphorylated by protein kinase B (PKB)b. Overexpression of Bcl-2c. Mutation in Bax such that it cannot form homodimersOne common characteristic of cancer cells is a loss of function in the apoptotic pathway. Which of the mutations listed above might you expect to find in some cancer cells?
What would be the effect on the following processes in a cancer cells treated with Drug X. Match the process with the
likely effect of the drug.
Protein Translation
Apoptosis
Cell Proliferation
Production of new blood vessels
A. Inhibited
B. Activated
Chapter 19 Solutions
BIOLOGY(LL)-W/ACCESS CODE >CUSTOM<
Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 19.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 19.2 - Distinguish differences in cell division between...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 19.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 19.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 19.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 19.5 - Describe D/V axis formation in Drosophila.Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 19.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 19.6 - Prob. 3LOCh. 19.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 19.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 19.7 - Prob. 3LOCh. 19 - What type of cells would develop if you injected...Ch. 19 - The sheep used for the donor nucleus had a...Ch. 19 - During development, cells become a. differentiated...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2UCh. 19 - Prob. 3UCh. 19 - Prob. 4UCh. 19 - Plant meristems a. are only present during...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6UCh. 19 - The process of nuclear reprogramming a. is a...Ch. 19 - What is the common theme in cell determination by...Ch. 19 - The process of reproductive cloning a. shows that...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3ACh. 19 - Prob. 4ACh. 19 - The genes that encode the morphogen gradients in...Ch. 19 - What would be the likely result of a mutation of...Ch. 19 - MADS-box, and Hox genes are a. found only in...Ch. 19 - The fate map for C. elegans (refer to figure 19.3)...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2SCh. 19 - You have generated a set of mutant embryonic mouse...Ch. 19 - Assume you have the factors in hand necessary to...
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- Tumors involve a malfunction in this cellular process. a. transcription b. translation c. phagocytosis d. mitosisarrow_forwardThe frog Xenopus laevis has often served as a model system for the study of apoptosis. Can you think of some reasons that frogs are particularly good models for the study of apoptosis?arrow_forwardThe Bax protein _____, thus _____ apoptosis. Select one: a. none of the above b. promotes caspase activity, increasing c. inhibits caspase activity, decreasing d. promotes caspase activity, decreasing e. inhibits caspase activity, increasing Clear my choicearrow_forward
- During apoptosis, rates of protein degradation ______ caused by _____ protease activity. Select one: a. increase, increase b. increase, decrease c. decrease, decrease d. decrease, increasearrow_forwardHow does the Apoptosis Through Death Receptors pathway work, where it works and why it works. Include a diagram of the steps.arrow_forwardTwo mechanisms inducing Apoptosis, Extrinsic pathway and Intrinsic pathway, have difference and similarity. a What is the key protein that both pathway uses? b How can intrinsic pathway be initiated and what molecule is critical for that?arrow_forward
- Cancer cells can secrete factors which promote the formation of new blood vessels. The formation of the new blood vessels in this manner is called Select one: O a. carcinogenesis O b. angiogenesis O c. metastasis O d. apoptosis O e. contact inhibitionarrow_forwardMalignant tumor cells are characterized by all of the following properties except: A. loss of density-dependent (contact) inhibition B. reliance on aerobic respiration C. reduced dependence on aerobic respiration D. loss of anchorage dependence E. gain of unlimited proliferative potentialarrow_forwardA drug that inhibits the kinase activity of AKT would MOST likely have which of the following effects? A. Increased GSK-3b activity and increased CyclinD synthesis B. Increased GSK-3b activity and decreased CyclinD synthesis C. Decreased GSK-3b activity and increased CyclinD synthesis D. Decrease GSK-3b activity and decreased CyclinD synthesisarrow_forward
- Cancer cells are distinguished from other normal cells by (select all that apply!): a. having abnormal nuclei. b. inducing angiogenesis. ☐ c. dividing uncontrollably. d. having mutations in their tumor-suppressor genes.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are charcteristics you would expect of a circulating tumor cell that has undergone Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (select all that apply)? A. Increased N-cahedrin expression B. Increased resistance to apoptosis C. Loss of ability to secrete fibronectin D. High cytokeratin expression E. Elevated PDGF Receptor Expressionarrow_forwardState whether the level of each of the following protein in a cancer cell is higher or lower than normal and how is that beneficial to the cancer cell? a. ARF protein b. MDM2 c. caspases d. Fas receptor e. TNF-αarrow_forward
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