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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The steps through which pyruvate from glycolysis is converted into pyruvate dehydrogenase complex are to be explained.
Concept introduction:
The breakdown of a glucose molecule to produce ATP, NADH, and pyruvate molecules is called glycolysis.
The pyruvate is the initial reacting substrate for the citric acid cycle that goes through several reactions in the presence of the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase complex to give acetyl-CoA.
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is a set of five enzymes, namely, pyruvate dehydrogenase, hydro lipoyl transacetylase, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Bundle: Biochemistry, Loose-leaf Version, 9th + Owlv2,1 Term Printed Access Card
- RECALL How many enzymes are involved in mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase? What are their functions?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY The intermediates of glycolysis are phosphorylated, but those of the citric acid cycle are not. Suggest a reason why.arrow_forwardRECALL Briefly describe the dual role of lipoic acid in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.arrow_forward
- RECALL What are the similarities and differences between the reactions catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase and -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?arrow_forwardRECALL What is the difference between the type of oxidation catalyzed by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and that catalyzed by -hydroxy-CoA dehydrogenase?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLLY Show how the estimate of 33% efficiency of energy use in anaerobic glycolysis is derived.arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY Cytochrome oxidase and succinate-CoQ oxidoreductase are isolated from mitochondria and are incubated in the presence of oxygen, along with cytochrome c, coenzyme Q, and succinate. What is the overall oxidationreduction reaction that can be expected to take place?arrow_forwardRECALL Which of the enzymes discussed in this chapter are NADH-linked dehydrogenases?arrow_forwardRECALL Many NADH-linked dehydrogenases have similar active sites. Which part of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase would be the most conserved between other enzymes?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY How does an increase in the NADH/NAD1 ratio affect the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY How does the hydrolysis of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate bring about the reversal of one of the physiologically irreversible steps of glycolysis?arrow_forwardRECALL What are the possible metabolic fates of pyruvate?arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage Learning
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