Physics for Scientists and Engineers
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781429281843
Author: Tipler
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 19, Problem 7P
To determine
The reason for the high steam temperature in the steam power plant.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
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- When 1.60105J of heat transfer occurs into a meat pie initially at 20.0C, its entropy increases by 480J/K. What is its final temperature?arrow_forwardCheck Your Understanding Why was it necessary to state that the process of Example 3.5 is quasi-static.arrow_forwardWhat does the first law of thermodynamics tell us about the energy of the universe? `arrow_forward
- Why don't we operate ocean liners by extracting heat from the ocean or operate airplanes by extracting heat from the atmosphere?arrow_forwardThe energy output of a heat pump is greater than the energy used to operate the pump. Why doesn't this statement violate the first law of thermodynamics?arrow_forwardCheck Your Understanding In Example 4.7, the spontaneous flow of heat from a hot object to a cold object results in a net increase in entropy of the universe. Discuss how this result can be related to an increase in disorder of the system.arrow_forward
- Check your Understanding Show that QhQh=QcQc for the hypothetical engine of Figure 4.10 The second property to be demonstrated is that all reversible engines operating between the same two reservoirs have the same efficiency. To this, stat with the two engines D and E of Figure 4.10 (a), which are operating between two common heat reservoirs at temperatures Th and Tc . First, assume that D is a reversible engine and that E is a hypothetical irreversible engine that has a higher efficiency than D. If both engines perform the same amount of work W per cycle, it follows from Equation 4.2 that QhQh . It then follows from the first law that QcQc . Figure 4.10 (a) Two uncoupled engines D and E working between the same reservoirs. (b) The engines, With D working reverse. Suppose the cycle of D is so that it operates as a refrigerator, and the two engines are coupled such that the work output of E is used to drive D, as shown in Figure 4.10(b). Since QhQh and QcQc , the net result of each cycle is equivalent to a spontaneous transfer of heat from the cold reservoir to the hot reservoir, a process second law does not allow. The original assumption must therefore be wrong, and it is impossible to construct an irreversible engine such that E is more efficient than the reversible engine D. Now it is quite easy to demonstrate that the efficiencies of all reversible engines operating between the same reservoirs are equal. Suppose that D and E are reversible engines. If they are as shown in Figure 4.10(b), the efficiency of E cannot be greater than the efficiency of D, or second law would violated. If both engines are then reversed, the same reasoning implies that the efficiency of D cannot be greater than the efficiency of E. Combining these results leads to the conclusion that all reversible engines working between same two reservoirs have the same efficiency.arrow_forwardWhat is the decrease in entropy of 25.0 g of water that condenses on a bathroom mirror at a temperature of 35.0C, assuming no change in temperature and given the latent heal of vaporization to be 2450kJ/kg ?arrow_forwardWhat is the entropy change of 10 g of steam at 100 when it condenses to water at the same temperature?arrow_forward
- As shown below, if the heat absorbed by the gas along AB is 400 J, determine the quantities of heat absorbed along (a) ADB; (b) ACB; and (c) ADCB.arrow_forwardSuppose 20 g of ice at 0 is added to 300 g of water at 60 . What is the total change in entropy of the mixture after it reaches thermal equilibrium?arrow_forwardIs it possible to determine whether a change in internal energy is caused by heat transferred, by work performed, or by a combination of the two? `arrow_forward
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