Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321967671
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 12PS
Animals obtain energy through a series of
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The law of conservation of matter states that no matter on earth can be created or destroyed. Using the following equation: 6H2O + 6CO2 + Sunlight—> C6H12O6 + 6O2, explain how the process of photosynthesis is an example of this.
Radioactive isotopes are routinely used to investigate processes in living things. In 1941, biologists exposed photosynthesizing cells to water containing a heavy oxygen isotope, designated 18-O. The labelled isotope appears in the oxygen gas released in photosynthesis, demonstrating that the oxygen came from water. Explain where the 18-O would have ended up if the researchers had used 18-O-labelled carbon dioxide.
Cell respiration and photosynthesis are distinct metabolic processes that take place in the mitochondrion and chloroplast, respectively. While these two processes are separate, they share things in common. When one looks at the overall equations for cell respiration and photosynthesis, one sees how they are near opposites in terms of the starting and ending materials. In 300-400 words, describe this “near opposite” relationship between cell respiration and photosynthesis. What are the starting and ending materials in each process, and what kind of energy transformation is taking place?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
Ch. 2 - An atom can be changed into an ion by adding or...Ch. 2 - If you change the number of _________, the atom...Ch. 2 - A nitrogen atom has 7 protons; and the most common...Ch. 2 - Why are radioactive isotopes useful as tracers in...Ch. 2 - What is chemically nonsensical about this...Ch. 2 - Why is it unlikely that two neighboring water...Ch. 2 - Which of the following is not a chemical reaction?...Ch. 2 - Some people in your study group say they dont...Ch. 2 - Explain how the unique properties of water result...Ch. 2 - Explain why it is unlikely that life could exist...
Ch. 2 - A can of cola consists mostly of sugar dissolved...Ch. 2 - Animals obtain energy through a series of chemical...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13PSCh. 2 - Interpreting Data As discussed in the text and...Ch. 2 - Critically evaluate this statement: Its paranoid...Ch. 2 - A major source of the CO2 that causes ocean...
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- Where Do the O Atoms in Organisms Come From? Name three principal inorganic sources of oxygen atoms that are commonly available in the inanimate environment and readily accessible to the biosphere.arrow_forwardPhotosynthesis is defined as the chemical process, wherein carbon dioxide in the presence of water and radiant energy gets converted to glucose (chemical energy), giving out oxygen as byproducts. In the equation, the combining reactants and resulting products are expressed along with their respective numbers of molecules. Putting this in a simplified formula, the following equation represents this process. CO2 + H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + O2 Considering this equation, how plant lovers (plantitos and plantitas) able to cultivate their plants?arrow_forwardIt has been estimated that mitochondria occupy 20% of the volume in the human body. For a 70- kg adult, the average number of mitochondria has been estimated to be 1 × 10 (10,000 trillion). Using this information, provide a rough estimate of the average mass of a mitochondrion.arrow_forward
- (a) It can be argued that, if life were to exist elsewhere in the universe, it would require some process like photosynthesis. Why is this argument reasonable? (b) If the starship Enterprise were to land on a distant planet and find no measurable oxygen in the atmosphere, could the crew conclude that photosynthesis is not taking place?arrow_forwardThe Miller- Urey Experiment In the Stanley Miller and Harald Urey designed experiments that tested Alexander Oparin's and J.B.S. Haldane's hypothesis that conditions on the primitive Earth favored chemical reactions that synthesized more complex organic compounds from simpler organic precursors. Miller and Urey used an apparatus that recreated the conditions of what a primitive Earth was thought to consist of at the time. Methane, hydrogen , and steam were all Included to recreate conditions similar to that of a primitive Earth. Their goal was to create complex organic molecules from the simple organic molecules that were believed to be part of primitive Earth's makeup. The Miller- Urey experiment was run for a week and the samples collected were analyzedAnalysis showed that some of the carbon in the apparatus was converted to amino acids molecules, In later experiments , similar to Miller and Urey's, it has been shown that it is possible to form all 20 amino acids commonly found in…arrow_forwardFor questions 30 through 36, select the location where the following events occur. Answers may be used once, more than once, or not at all. Some questions may have one answer, some questions may have more than one answer. a) mitochondrial inner membrane b) mitochondrial intermembrane space c) mitochondrial matrix d) thylakoid membrane e) thylakoid space 30. electron chain components embedded here 31. H+ pumped into here 32. found in plants 33. found in animals 34. ADP+ Pi→ ATP occurs here 35. ATP synthase embedded here 36. Light-capturing pigments embedded here asap please.arrow_forward
- Stanley Miller and Harold Urey performed an experiment by recreating in the laboratory the probable conditions of the atmosphere of the primitive earth.(i) What was the aim of the experiment?(ii) In what forms was the energy supplied for chemical reactions to occur?(III) For how long was the experiment run continuously? Name two products formed.arrow_forwardHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is naturally formed in living organisms, however it is very harmful and is broken down immediately by catalase into water and oxygen. This reaction occurs in the peroxisome, an organelle present in both plant and animal cells. Design an experiment to determine which of the following three food samples contains the highest concentration of catalase: dried potato, ground meat, and fresh ground leavesarrow_forwardWhere does the following reaction take place in a cell? Glucose + O2 ----> CO2 + H2O + ATP a nucleus b chloroplast c cytoplasm d mitochondriaarrow_forward
- About how much mercury was emitted by fossil fuel combustion in Asia? A.)340 tons B.)0 tons C.)40 tons D.)525 tonsarrow_forwardGreen plants use light from the Sun to drive photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in which water (H₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) chemically react to form the simple sugar glucose (C6H₁206) and oxygen gas (0₂). What mass of simple sugar glucose is produced by the reaction of 3.53 g of water? Round your answer to 3 significant digits.arrow_forwardIn the photosynthesis reaction: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2, the substance that serves as the reducing agent isarrow_forward
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