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An ideal gas described by
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
- At 25 °C, the equilibrium partial pressures for the reaction A(g) + 2 B(g) 4 C(g)+D(g) were found to be PA = 4.45 bar, Pg = 5.82 bar, Pc = 5.74 bar, and Pp = 4.05 bar. %3D %3D What is the standard change in Gibbs free energy of this reaction at 25 °C?arrow_forward= 1.10 bar, P2.19 An ideal gas described by T; = 275 K, Pi and Vi = 10.0 L is heated at constant volume until P = 10.0 bar. It then undergoes a reversible isothermal expansion until P = 1.10 bar. It is then restored to its original state by the extraction of heat at constant pressure. Depict this closed-cycle process in a P-V diagram. Calculate w for each step and for the total process. What values for w would you calculate if the cycle were traversed in the opposite direction?arrow_forward5. An ideal gas described by Ti= 275 K, Pi = 1.10 bar, and Vi = 10.0 L is heated at constant volume until P = 10.0 bar. It then undergoes reversible isothermal expansion until P = 1.10 bar. It is then restored to its original state by the extraction of heat at constant pressure. Depict this closed-cycle process in a P-V diagram. Calculate w for each step and for the total process.arrow_forward
- 6A. State whether each of the following is true or false. Explain your reasoning in each case. (a) q must be zero for an isothermal process (b) q=0 for every cyclic process [A cyclic process is one that begins in one state and undergoes several steps which ultimately bring the system back to the same initial state.] (c) DU=0 for every cyclic process. (d) DT=0 for every adiabatic process in a closed system.arrow_forwardElement X has an enthalpy of fusion of 59.2 kJ mol-1 at its melting point (684°C). Calculate ΔSsys for the process,X(l) → X(s)At 1 bar and 684°C. Express your answer in units of J mol-1 K-1 to 3 significant figures.arrow_forwardThe constant-pressure heat capacity of a sample of a perfect gaswas found to vary with temperature according to the expression Cp/(J K−1) = 20.17 + 0.3665(T/K). Calculate q, w, ΔU, and ΔH when the temperature is raised from 25 °C to 100 °C (i) at constant pressure, (ii) at constant volume.arrow_forward
- Calculate the change in enthalpy when 124 g of liquid methanol initially at 1.00 bar and 298 K undergoes a change of state to 2.50 bar and 425 K. The density of liquid methanol under these conditions is 0.791 g cm-3, and Gp, m for liquid methanol is 81.1 JK1 mol1. Molar mass (methanol) = 32.04 g mol 1arrow_forwardCarbon dioxide gas with a mass of 88 g is isothermally compressed at a fixed external pressure of 15 bar, with a speed of 298 K and a final pressure of 10 bar from 1 bar. Interpret the results by finding the quantities Δu, Δh, w, Q, Δs, Δa, g and Δsaverage, Δssystem in the event.arrow_forwardThe atomic heat capacity of solid Mo is given by the equation 0.503 x 105 Cp = 5.69 + 1.88 x 10-3 T – T² Find the change in entropy (in eu) which accompanies the heating of one mole of Mo from o C to its melting point, 2620°C. (Entropy unit, (eu) equal to i cal K-¹). Cp expression gives heat capacity in units of cal/mol.arrow_forward
- Suppose that a gas obeys at low pressure the equation T + (A + B) P PV = RT + A + where A and Bare constants independent of pressure and temperature, and Vis the molar vo Derive the expression for the change in enthalpy which will accompany the expansion of n moles from a pressure P,to a pressure P, at temperature T. Use this principle. Он OP T T (OT), P = V - Tarrow_forwardCalculate ΔS (for the system) when the state of 2.00 mol of gas molecules, for which Cp,m = R, is changed from 25 °C and 1.50 atm to 135 °C and 7.00 atm.arrow_forwardCalculate the change in entropy of the system when 10.0 g of ice at −10.0 °C is converted into water vapour at 115.0 °C and at a constant pressure of 1 bar. The molar constant-pressure heat capacities are: Cp,m(H2O(s)) = 37.6 J K−1 mol−1; Cp,m(H2O(l)) = 75.3 J K−1 mol−1; and Cp,m(H2O(g)) = 33.6 J K−1 mol−1. The standard enthalpy of vaporization of H2O(l) is 40.7 kJ mol−1, and the standard enthalpy of fusion of H2O(l) is 6.01 kJ mol−1, both at the relevant transition temperatures.arrow_forward
- Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
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