Chemistry
Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393919370
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.21QP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The comparison of average atomic mass between magnesium on Earth (24.31amu) and on Mars is to be stated.

Concept introduction: The exact mass of an element from its compound is calculated by subtracting the exact mass of given element from exact mass of total compound.

To determine: The comparison of average atomic mass between magnesium on Earth (24.31amu) and on Mars.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.21QP

Solution

The average atomic masses of magnesium on Earth (24.31amu) and on Mars are equal.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

In the question isotopic composition the exact mass MgO is shown with different isotopes of magnesium is given. There is only oxygen- 16 (15.9948amu) isotope in the given isotopic composition.

The exact mass of magnesium isotopes from its compound is calculated by subtracting the exact mass of oxygen- 16 (15.9948amu) from exact mass of MgO .

The exact mass of magnesium isotope from MgO (39.9872amu) .

Hence, the exact mass of magnesium isotopes is calculated in Table 1 .

Exact mass of MgO(amu) Exact mass of 16O isotope in amu Exact mass of Mg isotopes (m) in amu = (ExactmassofMgOExact mass of isotope 16O)
39.9872 15.9948 39.987215.9948=23.9924
40.9886 15.9948 40.988615.9948=24.9938
41.9846 15.9948 41.984615.9948=25.9891

Table 1

The natural abundance of magnesium isotopes in decimals is calculated by dividing the natural abundance (%) with 100 is given in Table 2 .

Natural abundance (%) of Mg isotopes Natural abundance of Mg isotopes in decimals (x)
78.70 78.70100=0.7870
10.13 10.13100=0.1013
11.17 11.17100=0.1117

Table 2

The weighted atomic mass of magnesium is calculated by the multiplication of exact mass of magnesium isotopes (m) with natural abundance (x) of magnesium isotopes in decimals. This is shown in Table 3 .

Exact mass of Mg isotopes (m) in amu Natural abundance of Mg isotopes in decimals (x) Weighted atomic mass (m×x)
23.9924 0.7870 23.9924×0.7870=18.882
24.9938 0.1013 24.9938×0.1013=2.5318
25.9891 0.1117 25.9891×0.1117=2.9029

Table 3

The values of Table 1 , Table 2 , and Table 3 are summarized in Table 4 .

Exact mass of MgO(amu) Exact mass of 16O isotope in amu Exact mass of Mg isotopes (m) in amu Natural abundance (%) of Mg isotopes Natural abundance of Mg isotopes in decimals (x) Weighted atomic mass (m×x)
39.9872 15.9948 23.9924 78.70 0.7870 18.882
40.9886 15.9948 24.9938 10.13 0.1013 2.5318
41.9846 15.9948 25.9891 11.17 0.1117 2.9029

Table 4

The average atomic mass is the summation of weighted atomic mass. So,

Averageatomicmass=18.882amu+2.5318amu+2.9029amu=24.3167amu

The average atomic mass of magnesium on Earth is also 24.31amu . Hence, the average atomic masses of magnesium on Earth (24.31amu) and on Mars are equal.

Conclusion

The average atomic masses of magnesium on Earth (24.31amu) and on Mars are equal

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Chemistry

Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.3VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.4VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.5VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.6VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.7VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.8VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.9QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.10QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.11QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.12QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.13QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.14QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.15QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.16QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.17QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.18QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.19QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.20QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.21QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.22QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.23QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.24QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.25QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.26QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.27QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.28QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.29QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.30QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.31QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.32QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.33QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.34QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.35QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.36QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.38QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.39QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.40QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.41QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.42QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.43QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.44QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.45QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.46QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.47QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.48QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.49QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.50QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.51QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.52QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.53QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.54QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.55QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.56QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.57QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.58QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.59QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.60QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.61QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.62QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.63QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.64QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.65QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.66QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.67QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.68QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.69QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.70QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.71QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.72QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.73QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.74QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.75QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.76QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.77QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.78QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.79QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.80QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.81QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.82QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.83QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.84QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.85QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.86QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.87QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.88QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.89QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.90QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.91QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.92QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.93QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.94QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.95QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.96QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.97QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.98QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.99QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.100QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.101QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.102QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.103QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.104APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.105APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.106APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.107APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.108APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.109APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.110APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.111APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.112APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.113APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.114APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.115APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.116APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.117APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.118APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.119APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.120APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.121APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.122APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.123APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.125APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.126APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.127AP
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