Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The number of protons and neutrons that are present in the given nucleus of noble gases has to be determined.
(a)
Answer to Problem 2.89QP
The total number of protons and neutrons present is:
Explanation of Solution
Element symbol is given as
Element symbol given is
From the given symbol, it is found that the mass number is 4 and atomic number is 2. This means the total number of protons present is 2. Number of neutrons present in the nucleus can be calculated by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number.
In the helium atom, the atomic number 2 is equal to protons number and the differences between the mass number and proton number gives the neutron number 2.
Element symbol given is
From the given symbol, it is found that the mass number is 20 and atomic number is 10. This means the total number of protons present is 10. Number of neutrons present in the nucleus can be calculated by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number.
In the neon atom, the atomic number 10 is equal to protons number and the differences between the mass number and proton number gives the number of neutrons as 10.
Element symbol given is
From the given symbol, it is found that the mass number is 40 and atomic number is 18. This means the total number of protons present is 18. Number of neutrons present in the nucleus can be calculated by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number.
In the argon atom, the atomic number 18 is equal to protons number and the differences between the mass number and proton number gives the number of neutrons as 22.
Element symbol given is
From the given symbol, it is found that the mass number is 84 and atomic number is 36. This means the total number of protons present is 36. Number of neutrons present in the nucleus can be calculated by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number.
In the krypton atom, the atomic number 36 is equal to protons number and the differences between the mass number and proton number gives the number of neutrons as 48.
Element symbol given is
From the given symbol, it is found that the mass number is 132 and atomic number is 54. This means the total number of protons present is 54. Number of neutrons present in the nucleus can be calculated by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number.
In the xenon atom, the atomic number 54 is equal to protons number and the differences between the mass number and proton number gives the number of neutrons as 78.
Number of protons and neutrons present in the given noble gases are determined.
(b)
Interpretation:
The ratio of neutrons to protons along with their respective numbers in the nucleus of each atom to be identified.
(b)
Answer to Problem 2.89QP
Neutron to proton ratio for noble gases is:
As the atomic number increases, the neutron to proton ratio also increases.
Explanation of Solution
Analyze the ratio of neutrons to protons for each element.
The ratio of neutron to proton is increasing down the group along with increasing the atomic number.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 2 Solutions
CHEMISTRY STUD.SOL.MANUAL >C<
- There are 2.619 1022 atoms in 1.000 g of sodium. Assume that sodium atoms are spheres of radius 1.86 and that they are lined up side by side. How many miles in length is the line of sodium atoms?arrow_forwardGive the complete symbol(ZAX), including atomic number and mass number, of (a) a nickel atom with 31 neutrons, (b) a plutonium atom with 150 neutrons, and (c) a tungsten atom with 110 neutrons.arrow_forwardWhen a sample of phosphorus burns in air, the compound P4O10 forms. One experiment showed that 0.744 g of phosphorus formed 1.704 g of P4O10. Use this information to determine the ratio of the atomic weights of phosphorus and oxygen (mass P/mass O). If the atomic weight of oxygen is assumed to be 16.000, calculate the atomic weight of phosphorus.arrow_forward
- The photo here depicts what happens when a coil of magnesium ribbon and a few calcium chips are placed in water. (a) Based on these observations, what might you expect to see when barium, another Croup 2A element, is placed in water? (b) Give the period in which each element (Mg. Ca, and Ba) is found. What correlation do you think you might find between the reactivity of these elements and their positions in the periodic table?arrow_forwardChlorine has two isotopes, Cl-35 and Cl-37. Their abundances are 75.53% and 24.47%, respectively. Assume that the only hydrogen isotope present is H-1. (a) How many different HCI molecules are possible? (b) What is the sum of the mass numbers of the two atoms in each molecule? (c) Sketch the mass spectrum for HCI if all the positive ions are obtained by removing a single electron from an HCI molecule.arrow_forwardThe formula of water is If-O. Which of the following is indicated by this formula? Explain your answer. a. The mass of hydrogen is twice that of oxygen in each molecule. b. There are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom per water molecule. c. The mass of oxygen is twice that of hydrogen in each molecule. d. There are two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom per water molecule.arrow_forward
- Give the complete symbol (XZA), including atomic number and mass number, of (a) a nickel atom with 31 neutrons, and (b) a tungsten atom with 110 neutrons.arrow_forwardThere are 1.699 1022 atoms in 1.000 g of chlorine. Assume that chlorine atoms are spheres of radius 0.99 and that they are lined up side by side in a 0.5-g sample. How many miles in length is the line of chlorine atoms in the sample?arrow_forwardIn a hypothetical universe, an oil-drop experiment gave the following measurements of charges on oil drops: 5.55 1019 C, 9.25 1019 C, 1.11 1018 C, and 1.48 1018 C. Assume that the smallest difference in charge equals the unit of negative charge in this universe. What is the value of this unit of charge? How many units of excess negative charge are there on each oil drop?arrow_forward
- 2.74 The accompanying table provides the identity of the two naturally occurring isotopes for four elements and the atomic weights for those elements. (In each case, the two isotopes differ in mass number by two.) Which element has the mass spectrum shown? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardTwo elements, R and Q, combine to form two binary compounds. In the first compound, 14.0 g of R combines with 3.00 g of Q. In the second compound, 7.00 g of R combines with 4.50 g of Q. Show that these data are in accord with the law of multiple proportions. If the formula of the second compound is RQ, what is the formula of the first compound?arrow_forwardA sample of metallic element X, weighing 3.177 g, combines with 0.6015 L of O2 gas (at normal pressure and 20.0C) to form the metal oxide with the formula XO. If the density of O2 gas under these conditions is 1.330 g/L, what is the mass of this oxygen? The atomic weight of oxygen is 15.999 amu. What is the atomic weight of X? What is the identity of X?arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning