Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 2, Problem 39PQ
(a)
To determine
Check whether the advice of the friend is good or bad.
(b)
To determine
Illustrate the correct statement with an example.
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Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 2.2 - In each of the five motion diagrams shown in...Ch. 2.3 - For each of the following, give the vector...Ch. 2.5 - Figure 2.11 shows the motion of various objects:...Ch. 2.6 - The top marathon runners complete the race in...Ch. 2.6 - In our everyday experience, we sometimes use the...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 2.6CECh. 2.8 - Kinematics graphs are great for showing how a...Ch. 2 - Is the Moons motion around the Earth...Ch. 2 - An animals tracks are frozen in the snow (Fig....Ch. 2 - Problems 3 and 12 are paired. G A particle moves...
Ch. 2 - Prob. 4PQCh. 2 - For each of the following velocity vectors, give...Ch. 2 - In the traditional Hansel and Gretel fable, the...Ch. 2 - After a long and grueling race, two cadets, A and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8PQCh. 2 - Elisha Graves Otis invented the elevator brake in...Ch. 2 - As shown in Figure 2.9, Whipple chose a coordinate...Ch. 2 - Prob. 11PQCh. 2 - Prob. 12PQCh. 2 - A race car travels 825 km around a circular sprint...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14PQCh. 2 - A train leaving Albuquerque travels 293 miles, due...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16PQCh. 2 - The position of a particle attached to a vertical...Ch. 2 - Prob. 18PQCh. 2 - Prob. 19PQCh. 2 - Prob. 20PQCh. 2 - During a relay race, you run the first leg of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 22PQCh. 2 - Prob. 23PQCh. 2 - Prob. 24PQCh. 2 - During a thunderstorm, a frightened child is...Ch. 2 - Scientists and engineers must interpret problems...Ch. 2 - Prob. 27PQCh. 2 - Prob. 28PQCh. 2 - A In attempting to break one of his many swimming...Ch. 2 - A The instantaneous speed of a particle moving...Ch. 2 - A particles velocity is given by vy(t)=atj, where...Ch. 2 - Prob. 32PQCh. 2 - Figure P2.33 shows the y-position (in blue) of a...Ch. 2 - A particles position is given by z(t) = (7.50...Ch. 2 - Prob. 35PQCh. 2 - Two sprinters start a race along a straight track...Ch. 2 - An electronic line judge camera captures the...Ch. 2 - During a bungee jump, a student (i) initially...Ch. 2 - Prob. 39PQCh. 2 - Prob. 40PQCh. 2 - Prob. 41PQCh. 2 - Prob. 42PQCh. 2 - Prob. 43PQCh. 2 - Prob. 44PQCh. 2 - A computer system, using a preset coordinate...Ch. 2 - In Example 2.6, we considered a simple model for a...Ch. 2 - A uniformly accelerating rocket is found to have a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 48PQCh. 2 - A driver uniformly accelerates his car such that...Ch. 2 - Car A and car B travel in the same direction along...Ch. 2 - Accelerating uniformly to overtake a slow-moving...Ch. 2 - An object that moves in one dimension has the...Ch. 2 - A particle moves along the positive x axis with a...Ch. 2 - Case Study Crall and Whipple attached a fan to a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 55PQCh. 2 - The engineer of an intercity train observes a rock...Ch. 2 - A pebble is thrown downward from a 44.0-m-high...Ch. 2 - In a cartoon program, Peter tosses his baby,...Ch. 2 - Tadeh launches a model rocket straight up from his...Ch. 2 - Prob. 60PQCh. 2 - In the movie Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back,...Ch. 2 - A worker tosses bricks one by one to a coworker on...Ch. 2 - A rock is thrown straight up into the air with an...Ch. 2 - Prob. 64PQCh. 2 - A sounding rocket, launched vertically upward with...Ch. 2 - Prob. 66PQCh. 2 - While strolling downtown on a Saturday Afternoon,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 68PQCh. 2 - A trooper is moving due south along the freeway at...Ch. 2 - A dancer moves in one dimension back and forth...Ch. 2 - The electrical impulse initiated by the nerves in...Ch. 2 - Two cars leave Seattle at the same time en route...Ch. 2 - An object begins to move along the y axis and its...Ch. 2 - Prob. 74PQCh. 2 - Prob. 75PQCh. 2 - Two carts are set in motion at t = 0 on a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 77PQCh. 2 - Cars A and B each move to the right with constant...Ch. 2 - Prob. 79PQCh. 2 - Prob. 80PQCh. 2 - Prob. 82PQCh. 2 - Prob. 83PQCh. 2 - A Write expressions for the average acceleration...Ch. 2 - Prob. 85PQCh. 2 - Prob. 86PQCh. 2 - In 1898, the world land speed record was set by...Ch. 2 - In Example 2.12, two circus performers rehearse a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 89PQ
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- (a) Sketch a graph of velocity versus time corresponding to the graph of displacement versus time given in the following figure. (b) Identify the time or times (ta,tb,tcetc.) at which the instantaneous velocity has the greatest positive value. (c) At which times is it zero? (d) At which times is it negative?arrow_forwardA student drives a moped along a straight road as described by the velocitytime graph in Figure P2.32. Sketch this graph in the middle of a sheet of graph paper. (a) Directly above your graph, sketch a graph of the position versus time, aligning the time coordinates of the two graphs. (b) Sketch a graph of the acceleration versus time directly below the velocitytime graph, again aligning the time coordinates. On each graph, show the numerical values of x and ax for all points of inflection. (c) What is the acceleration at t = 6.00 s? (d) Find the position (relative to the starting point) at t = 6.00 s. (e) What is the mopeds final position at t = 9.00 s? Figure P2.32arrow_forwardAn object that moves in one dimension has the velocity-versus-time graph shown in Figure P2.52. At time t = 0, the object has position x = 0. a. At time t = 5 s. is the acceleration of the object positive, negative, or zero? Explain. b. At time t = 8 s, is the object speeding up, showing down, or moving with constant speed? Explain. c. Write an expression for the position of the object as a function of time. Explain how you use the graph to obtain your answer. d. Use your expression from part (c) to determine the time (if any) at which the object reaches its maximum position. Check your results by examining the graph. Hint: To get started with finding the maximum of a function, take the derivative and set it equal to zero.arrow_forward
- A speedboat travels in a straight line and increases in speed uniformly from i = 20.0 m/s to f = 30.0 m/s in displacement x of 200 m. We wish to find the time interval required for the boat to move through this displacement, (a) Draw a coordinate system for this situation, (b) What analysis model is most appropriate for describing this situation? (c) From the analysis model, what equation is most appropriate for finding the acceleration of the speedboat? (d) Solve the equation selected in part (c) symbolically for the boats acceleration in terms of i, f, and x. (e) Substitute numerical values lo obtain the acceleration numerically. (f) Find the time interval mentioned above.arrow_forwardPROBLEM A race car starting from rest accelerates at a constant rate of 5.00 m/s2, (a) What is the velocity of the car after it has traveled 1.00 102 ft? (b) How much time has elapsed? (c) Calculate the average velocity two different ways. STRATEGY Weve read the problem, drawn the diagram in Figure 2.16, and chosen a coordinate system (steps 1 and 2). We'd like to find the velocity v after a certain known displacement x. The acceleration a is also known, as is the initial velocity v0 (step 3, labeling, is complete), so the third equation in Table 2.4 looks most useful for solving part (a). Given the velocity, the first equation in Table 2.4 can then be used to find the time in part (b). Part (c) requires substitution into Equations 2.2 and 2.7, respectively. Figure 2.16 (Example 2.4) SOLUTION (a) Convert units of x to SI, using the information in the inside front cover. Write the kinematics equation for v2 (step 4): Solve for v, taking the positive square root because the car moves to the right (step 5): Substitute v0 = 0, a = 5.00 m/s2, and x = 30.5 m: 1.00 102ft = (1.00 102 ft) v2 = v02 + 2a x v = v02+2ax v = v02+2ax = (0)2+2(5.00m/s2)(30.5m)= 17.5 m/s (b) Find the trooper's speed at that time. Substitute the time into the troopers velocity equation: vtrooper = v0 + atrooper t = 0 + (3.00m/s2)(16.9s) = 50.7 m/s Solve Example 2.5, Car Chase, by a graphical method. On the same graph, plot position versus time for the car and the trooper. From the intersection of the two curves, read the time at which the trooper overtakes the car.arrow_forwardCase Study Crall and Whipple attached a fan to a cart placed on a level track and then released the cart. They made a position-versus-time graph (Fig. P2.54) and fit a curve to these data such that x=0.036m+(0.0080m/s)t+(0.10m/s2)t2 a. Find and graph the velocity as a function of time. b. What is the shape of the velocity-versus-time graph? What do you expect the acceleration-versus-time graph to look like? Explain. c. Find and graph the acceleration as a function of time.arrow_forward
- A cyclist rides 8.0 km east for 20 minutes, then he turns and heads west for 8 minutes and 3.2 km. Finally, he rides east for 16 km, which takes 40 minutes. (a) What is the final displacement of the cyclist? (b) What is his average velocity?arrow_forwardA speedboat travels in a straight line and increases in speed uniformly from vi = 20.0 m/s to vf = 30.0 m/s in a displacement x of 200 m. We wish to find the time interval required for the boat to move through this displacement. (a) Draw a coordinate system for this situation. (b) What analysis model is most appropriate for describing this situation? (c) From the analysis model, what equation is most appropriate for finding the acceleration of the speedboat? (d) Solve the equation selected in part (c) symbolically for the boats acceleration in terms of vi, vf, and x. (e) Substitute numerical values to obtain the acceleration numerically. (f) Find the time interval mentioned above.arrow_forwardAn express train passes through a station. It enters with an initial velocity of 22.0 m/s and decelerates at a rate of 0.150m/s2 as it goes through. The station in 210.0 m long. (a) How fast is it going when the nose leaves the station? (b) How long is the nose of the train in the station? (c) If the train is 130 m long, what is the velocity of the end of the train as it leaves? (d) When does the end of the train leave the station?arrow_forward
- Astronauts on a distant planet toss a rock into the air. With the aid of a camera that takes pictures at a steady rate, they record the rocks height as a function of time as given in the following table. (a) Find the rocks average velocity in the time interval between each measurement and the next. (b) Using these average velocities to approximate instantaneous velocities at the midpoints of the time intervals, make a graph of velocity as a function of time. (c) Does the rock move with constant acceleration? If so, plot a straight line of best fit on the graph and calculate its slope to find the acceleration.arrow_forwardPablo is running in a half marathon at a velocity of 3 m/s. Another runner, Jacob, is 50 meters behind Pablo with the same velocity. Jacob begins to accelerate at 0.5m/s2 . (a) How long does it take Jacob to catch Pablo? (b) What is the distance covered by Jacob? (C) What is the final velocity of Jacob?arrow_forwardA motorist drives for 35.0 minutes at 85.0 km/h and then stops for 15.0 minutes. He then continues north, traveling 130. Km in 2.00 h. (a) What is his total displacement? (b) What is his average velocity?arrow_forward
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Position/Velocity/Acceleration Part 1: Definitions; Author: Professor Dave explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4dCrkp8qgLU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY