GEN COMBO LOOSELEAF MICROBIOLOGY:A SYSTEMS APPROACH; CONNECT ACCESS CARD
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260149364
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 2, Problem 3CTQ
Plant cell walk are composed of cellulose, a complex carbohydrate exhibiting a unique bond between its glucose subunits. Provide an explanation for the fact that humans cannot digest fruits and vegetables at an efficient level.
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Consider ten glucose molecules that enter a cell. How many ATP can be generated by the complete catabolism of these into CO2 and H2O? If all ten are first incorporated into glycogen, liberated from glycogen, and then fully catabolized into CO2 and H2O, does the ATP tally increase, decrease or stay the same? Consider that 1 UTP = 1 ATP. Explain. Describe the processes which produce ATP and provide a balanced equation of glucose, CO2, H2O and O2
One example of a stage 2 reaction in the heterotrophic breakdown of food molecules is:
the extracellular digestion of amylopectin into glucose monomers
the intramitochondrial digestion of fatty acids into carbon dioxide and water
the intracellular digestion of glucose monomers into pyruvate
the extracellular digestion of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol
the extracellular digestion of polypeptides into amino acids
Identify the three-carbon glycolysis intermediate which can be formed, in the cytoplasm, in one enzymatic step (during deamination of the amino acid alanine)?
pyruvate
fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
fructose
glucose-6-phosphate
glucose
One example of a stage 1 reaction in the heterotrophic breakdown of food molecules is:
the intramitochondrial digestion of pyruvate into carbon dioxide and water
the intramitochondrial digestion of fatty acids into carbon dioxide and water
the extracellular digestion of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol
the intracellular digestion of some amino acids into NH4+ and pyruvate
the intracellular digestion of glucose monomers into pyruvate
Chapter 2 Solutions
GEN COMBO LOOSELEAF MICROBIOLOGY:A SYSTEMS APPROACH; CONNECT ACCESS CARD
Ch. 2.1 - Explain the relationship between atoms and...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2AYPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 3AYPCh. 2.1 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 2.2 - Provide examples of cell components made from each...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 8AYPCh. 2.2 - Name the nitrogen bases of DNA and RNA.Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 2.3 - Recall three characteristics common to all cells.Ch. 2 - The smallest unit of matter with unique...Ch. 2 - The ____ charge of a proton is exactly balanced by...Ch. 2 - Electrons move around the nucleus of an atom in...Ch. 2 - Bonds in which atoms share electrons are defined...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 2 - DNA is a hereditary molecule that is composed of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 2 - Prob. 11TFCh. 2 - Prob. 12TFCh. 2 - Prob. 13TFCh. 2 - Prob. 14TFCh. 2 - Membranes are mainly composed of macromolecules...Ch. 2 - Support or refute the following statement: Double...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2CTQCh. 2 - Plant cell walk are composed of cellulose, a...Ch. 2 - Compare and contrast the kinds of chemical bonding...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5CTQCh. 2 - Prob. 1VCCh. 2 - Prob. 1CM
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- One example of a stage 3 reaction in the heterotrophic breakdown of food molecules is: the intramitochondrial digestion of fatty acids into carbon dioxide and water the intracellular digestion of glucose monomers into pyruvate the intracellular digestion of some amino acids into NH4+ and pyruvate the extracellular digestion of polypeptides into amino acids the extracellular digestion of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerolarrow_forwardWhich of the following fatty acids, if incorporated into a typical eukaryotic membrane phospholipid, would be the most likely to increase that membrane's fluidity? arachidonic acid with 20 carbons and two carbon-to-carbon double bonds stearic acid, with 18 carbons and no carbon-to-carbon double bonds None of the above arachidonic acid with 20 carbons and three carbon-to-carbon double bondsarrow_forwardA mature glycogen particle typically has 12 tiers of branches with 2 branches per tier and 13 residues per branch. How many glucose residues are in such a particle?arrow_forward
- Why does the lack of glucose 6-phosphatase activity in the brain and muscle make good physiological sense? Glucose 6-phosphatase allows cells to trap glucose in the cell; however, these tissues primarily rely on noncarbohydrate energy sources. Glucose 6-phosphatase allows cells to generate glucose through gluconeogenesis; however, gluconeogenesis only takes place in the liver. Glucose 6-phosphatase allows cells to release glucose into the blood; however, these tissues should never release glucose. Glucose 6-phosphatase provides glucose 6-phosphate for glycogen synthesis; however, these tissues do not need glycogen.arrow_forwardThe energy for the production of ATP comes from the breakdown of a glucose molecule via many enzyme-mediated chemical reactions occurring at several distinct stages of cellular respiration. During this time, the chemical energy stored in glucose is continually trans- ferred across these reactions. Which of the following describes the form in which most of the energy from the glucose molecule is stored just before the oxidative phosphorylation stage in aerobic cellular respiration? A B с D acetyl CoA FADH 2 NADH pyruvatearrow_forwardThe break down of sugar occurs in biological cells. It goes through multiple stages to produce energy that cells use. One series of reactions during this process is call the citrus acid cycle. Discuss how you could either speed up or slow down the degradation of glucose through the citrus acid cycle? (Hint: look at the citrus acid cycle and choose one step)arrow_forward
- Carbon dioxide is considered to be a "waste" product of cellular respiration. Yet, there are still electrons, in the bonds between the C and O atoms. Provide an explanation as to why the electrons in these covalent bonds of CO2 are not good for "harvesting" and putting into the ETC, unlike all the other bonds that were in the original glucose molecule.arrow_forwardStarting with a 4-carbon growing fatty acid attached to the ketoacyl synthase (KSase) site, and a malonate attached to the malonyl transferase (MTase) site in an animal fatty acid synthase (FAS) enzyme complex, draw the next reactions/events that result in the extension and processing of the fatty acid by two more carbons to make the saturated 6-carbon fatty acid.arrow_forwardTrue or false - metabolism of triglycerides generate water - sphingolipids are formed from glycerol and fatty acids - unsaturated fatty acids tend to have links in their structure due to double bonds - lateral diffusion of lipids on a bilayer is very slow compared to transverse diffusion - long chain fatty acids would make good components for the waxy coating of plants because their melting temperatures are relatively higharrow_forward
- Assume that the following fatty acid is synthesized from acetyl-CoA in the cytosol by fatty acidsynthase. Which of the following statements is true? The last two carbon atoms that are added to the fatty acid are carbon atoms #15 and #16 Synthesis of the fatty acid needs 8 molecules of NADPH + H+ Both A and B Neither A nor Barrow_forwardLactase is an enzyme that is responsible for hydrolyzing the covalent bond that holds galactose and glucose together in the disaccharide lactose. Deficiencies in the lactase enzyme, lead to lactose intolerance in humans. Using a well labelled graph and a few sentences, explain why lactase is not folded to create an active site that is complimentary to the lactose substrate.arrow_forwarda Imagine that creatine phosphate, rather than ATP, is the universal energy carrier molecule in the human body. Assume that the cellular concentrations of creatine phosphate, creatine, and phosphate are 21.6 mM, 2.16x10-3 mm, and 3.80 mM, respectively. Calculate the weight of creatine phosphate that would need to be consumed each day by a typical adult human if creatine phosphate could not be recycled. (Estimate the free energy of hydrolysis of creatine phosphate under cellular conditions to determine how many moles required. Use the standard free energy AG = -43.3 kJ/mol, and take the temperature to be 37 °C.) AG= kJ/mol Weight of creatine phosphate consumed = 9arrow_forward
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