Modified Mastering Astronomy with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Astronomy Today (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134553955
Author: Eric Chaisson, Steve McMillan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 8P
To determine
The force between a person and Earth using Newton's law of gravity, in both Newtons and Pounds.
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Use Newton’s law of gravity to calculate the force of gravity between you and Earth. Convert your answer, which will be in newtons, to pounds, using the conversion 4.45 N equals 1 pound (1 lb). What do you normally call this force? Please consider you are 55 kg. b) The Moon’s mass is 7.4 x 1022 kg and its radius is 1700 km. What is the speed of a spacecraft moving in a circular orbit just above the lunar surface? What is the escape speed from the Moon?
The surface gravity on the Moon is about 1/6 that of the Earth. If you weigh 220 lb on a scale on Earth's surface, how many pounds would the scale read on the surface of the moon?
Use Kepler's Law, which states that the square of the time, T, required for a planet to orbit the Sun varies directly with the cube of the mean distance, a, that the planet is from the Sun.Using Earth's time of 1 year and a mean distance of 93 million miles, the equation relating T (in years) and a (in million miles) is 804375T2=a3.Use that relation equation to determine the time required for a planet with mean distance of 206 million miles to orbit the Sun. Round to 2 decimal places. years
Chapter 2 Solutions
Modified Mastering Astronomy with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Astronomy Today (9th Edition)
Ch. 2 - Prob. 1DCh. 2 - Prob. 2DCh. 2 - Prob. 3DCh. 2 - Prob. 4DCh. 2 - Prob. 5DCh. 2 - Prob. 6DCh. 2 - Prob. 7DCh. 2 - Prob. 8DCh. 2 - Prob. 9DCh. 2 - Prob. 10D
Ch. 2 - Prob. 11DCh. 2 - Prob. 12DCh. 2 - Prob. 13DCh. 2 - Prob. 14DCh. 2 - Prob. 15DCh. 2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 2 - Prob. 4MCCh. 2 - Prob. 5MCCh. 2 - Prob. 6MCCh. 2 - Prob. 7MCCh. 2 - Prob. 8MCCh. 2 - Prob. 9MCCh. 2 - Prob. 10MCCh. 2 - Prob. 1PCh. 2 - Prob. 2PCh. 2 - Prob. 3PCh. 2 - Prob. 4PCh. 2 - Prob. 5PCh. 2 - Prob. 6PCh. 2 - Prob. 7PCh. 2 - Prob. 8P
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- Would you expect the distance between Earth and Mars to vary? Briefly explain your answer.arrow_forwardHow is Kepler's law different from Newton's law of motionarrow_forwardUse Kepler's third law, as modified by Newton, to calculate the mass of the Earth and Moon in units of the Sun's mass.arrow_forward
- Describe the shape of Earth's orbit. Where is the Sun located within the orbit?arrow_forwardDescribe the retrograde motion of mars and how it was explained in terms of both a heliocentric and geocentric model of the solar system. Key terms to be included: relative velocitys of earth and mars, background stars and epicyclesarrow_forwardDescribe the shape of the orbit followed by the slowest cannonball in Figure 3 of the Concept Art, pretending that the cannonball could pass freely through Earth. (Newton got this problem wrong the first time he tried to solve it.)arrow_forward
- Show with a simple diagram how the lower parts of a ship disappear first as it sails away from you on a spherical Earth. Use the same diagram to show why lookouts on old sailing ships could see farther from the masthead than from the deck. Would there be any advantage to posting lookouts on the mast if Earth were flat? (Note that these nautical arguments for a spherical Earth were quite familiar to Columbus and other mariners of his time.)arrow_forwardHow many precession periods are in one cycle of Earths axis inclination variation? In one cycle of Earths orbit eccentricity variation? In the time span shown in Figure 2-11b, how many periods or fractions of periods did the Earths axis precess, nod, and Earths orbit change shape? Of the three periods, which is likely to have the most effect on the changes shown in Figure 211?arrow_forward
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