Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780393614046
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster, Stacey Lowery Bretz, Geoffrey Davies
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 20, Problem 20.69QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The questions based on the Table 20.4 are to be answered.

Concept introduction: Fats are the biomolecular compounds which are also known as triglycerides or lipids. It is one of the important macro nutrient found in our blood. Polyunsaturated triglycerides are the compounds comprises of double or triple bonds between the carbons.

Triglycerides are the tri-esters of fatty acid and glycerol. It is formed by the addition of glycerol with three fatty acids. Glycerol molecule comprises of three hydroxyl (OH) groups. All lipids are water insoluble. These are the store houses of energy in the body. The fatty acids are of both types that are saturated and unsaturated. The unsaturated fatty acids are those which contain one or more CH=CH double bonds in their chain.

To determine: The fat that consume more hydrogen in 1.0kg of oleic acid or 0.50kg of α linolenic acid.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 20.69QP

Solution

The fat that consumes more hydrogen is 0.50kg of α linolenic acid.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The consumption of hydrogen is decided by the number of double or triple bonds. The molecular structure of oleic acid is given by following figure,

Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition), Chapter 20, Problem 20.69QP , additional homework tip  1

Figure 1

This contains a double bond at the carbon position 9 . From the molecular formula it is clear that for saturation of 18 carbons 36 hydrogen atoms are required. It means for saturation one molecule of hydrogen is required. In the molecular hydrogen form carbon –hydrogen ratio is represented as,

18:181:1

This ratio indicates that for one mole carbon one mole of hydrogen is required. Then in the given oleic acid compound one mole hydrogen is required to make it saturated.

The given mass of oleic acid is 1kg that is 1000g . The number of moles is calculated by the formula,

Numberofmoles=GivenmassMolarmass

Substitute the values in the above formula.

Numberofmoles=GivenmassMolarmass=1000g282g/mol=3.55mol

Calculated moles of carbon are 3.55 . Therefore, required moles of hydrogen is calculated as,

3.55×1=3.55mol

The molecular structure of α linolenic acid is given by following figure,

Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition), Chapter 20, Problem 20.69QP , additional homework tip  2

Figure 2

This contains three double bonds at the carbon positions 9,12,15 . From the molecular formula it is clear that for saturation of 18 carbons 36 hydrogen atoms are required. It means for saturation one molecule of hydrogen is required. In the molecular hydrogen form carbon –hydrogen ratio is represented as,

18:181:1

This ratio indicates that for one mole carbon one mole of hydrogen is required. Then in the given α linolenic acid compound three moles of hydrogen is required to make it saturated.

The given mass of oleic acid is 0.50kg that is 500g . The number of moles is calculated by the formula,

Numberofmoles=GivenmassMolarmass

Substitute the values in the above formula.

Numberofmoles=GivenmassMolarmass=500g278g/mol=1.78mol

Calculated moles of carbon are 1.78 . Therefore, required moles of hydrogen is calculated as,

1.78×3=5.34mol

From the calculated value of moles of hydrogen it is clear that 0.50kg of α linolenic acid consumes more hydrogen than 1.0kg of oleic acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The distinction between the two fatty acids; an explanation regarding the answer.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 20.69QP

Solution

The distinction between the two fatty acids has been explained below.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The required moles of hydrogen for the two fatty acids are calculated in the part (a). On that basis the two fatty acids can be distinguished.

The hydrogenation reaction of α linolenic acid as well as oleic acid is given in the following figure.

Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition), Chapter 20, Problem 20.69QP , additional homework tip  3

Figure 3

The above Figure 3 clearly explains the distinction between two fatty acids by determining the identity of their hydrogenation products.

Conclusion

  1. a) The fat that consumes more hydrogen is 0.50kg of α linolenic acid.
  2. b) The distinction between the two fatty acids has been explained

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Chapter 20 Solutions

Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)

Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.3VPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.4VPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.5VPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.6VPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.7VPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.8VPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.9VPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.10VPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.11QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.12QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.13QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.14QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.15QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.16QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.17QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.18QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.19QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.20QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.21QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.22QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.23QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.24QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.25QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.26QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.27QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.28QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.29QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.30QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.31QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.32QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.33QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.34QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.35QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.36QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.37QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.38QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.39QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.40QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.41QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.42QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.43QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.44QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.45QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.46QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.47QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.48QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.49QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.50QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.51QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.52QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.53QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.54QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.55QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.56QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.57QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.58QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.59QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.60QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.61QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.62QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.63QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.64QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.65QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.66QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.67QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.68QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.69QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.70QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.71QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.72QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.73QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.74QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.75QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.76QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.77QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.78QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.79QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.80QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.81APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.82APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.83APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.84APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.85APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.86APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.87APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.88APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.89APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.90APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.91APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.92APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.93APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.94APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.95APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.96APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.97APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.98APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.99APCh. 20 - Prob. 20.100AP
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