Chemistry
Chemistry
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781259911156
Author: Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 20, Problem 20.75QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The concentration of OH is so small compared to O3andH2O in the troposphere this has to be explained.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The property which makes OH a strong oxidising agent has to be predicted.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An equation for the reaction of OH with NO2 which contributes to acid rain has to be written.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An equation for the oxidation of SO2toH2SO4 by the OH radical has to be written.

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Explain the breakdown of methane in the troposphere, the roles of HO and NO, and the formation of photochemical smog
Explain the different mechanisms by which ozone is formed in the troposphere as a pollutant and in the stratosphere as a protective shield.
On global scales O3 is produced in the troposphere by CO and mainly CH4 oxidation. Consider the following reactions for oxidation of CO and CH4 to CO2. We wish to write out net reactions for CO and CH4 oxidation, which means there should be no NOx in the net reaction. O2 CH4 + OH à CH3O2 + H2O (1) CH3O2 + NO à CH3O + NO2 (2) CH3O + O2 à HCHO + HO2 (3) CH3O2 + HO2 à CH3OOH + O2 (4) CH3OOH + OH à HCHO + OH + H2O (5) O2 NO2 + hv à NO + O3 (6) HO2 + NO à OH + NO2 (7) HCHO + OH à CHO + H2O (8) CHO + O2 à CO + HO2 (9) O2 CO + OH à CO2 + HO2 (10) Consider a high NOx case. Write out the net reaction for the oxidation of CO to CO2 and a net reaction for the oxidation of CH4 to CO2. In this case, how many molecules of O3 are produced per molecule of CO oxidized and how many molecules of O3 are produced per molecule of CH4 oxidized by these reactions?

Chapter 20 Solutions

Chemistry

Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.7QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.8QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.9QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.10QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.11QPCh. 20 - The green color observed in aurora borealis is...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.13QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.14QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.15QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.16QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.17QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.18QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.19QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.20QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.21QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.22QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.23QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.24QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.25QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.26QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.27QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.28QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.29QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.30QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.31QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.32QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.33QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.34QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.35QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.36QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.37QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.38QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.39QPCh. 20 - Calcium oxide or quicklime (CaO) is used in...Ch. 20 - The molar heat capacity of a diatomic molecule is...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.42QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.43QPCh. 20 - List three detrimental effects of acid rain.Ch. 20 - Briefly discuss two industrial processes that lead...Ch. 20 - Discuss ways to curb acid rain.Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.47QPCh. 20 - Describe the removal of SO2 by CaO (to form CaSO3)...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.49QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.50QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.51QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.52QPCh. 20 - Identify the gas that is responsible for the brown...Ch. 20 - The safety limits of ozone and carbon monoxide are...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.55QPCh. 20 - In which region of the atmosphere is ozone...Ch. 20 - Assume that the formation of nitrogen dioxide:...Ch. 20 - The gas-phase decomposition of peroxyacetyl...Ch. 20 - On a smoggy day in a certain city the ozone...Ch. 20 - Which of the following settings is the most...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.61QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.62QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.63QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.64QPCh. 20 - A concentration of 8.00 102 ppm by volume of CO...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.66QPCh. 20 - Briefly describe the harmful effects of the...Ch. 20 - The equilibrium constant (KP) for the reaction is...Ch. 20 - As stated in the chapter, carbon monoxide has a...Ch. 20 - Instead of monitoring carbon dioxide, suggest...Ch. 20 - In 1991 it was discovered that nitrous oxide (N2O)...Ch. 20 - A glass of water initially at pH 7.0 is exposed to...Ch. 20 - A 14-m by 10-m by 3.0-m basement had a high radon...Ch. 20 - Ozone in the troposphere is formed by the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.75QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.76QPCh. 20 - A person was found dead of carbon monoxide...Ch. 20 - The carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere today...Ch. 20 - What is funny about the following cartoon?Ch. 20 - Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation (Hf )...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.81QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.82QPCh. 20 - Prob. 20.83QPCh. 20 - Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) undergoes thermal...Ch. 20 - How are past temperatures determined from ice...Ch. 20 - The balance between SO2 and SO3 is important in...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.87QPCh. 20 - The HO3 radical was once thought of as a temporary...Ch. 20 - What is the difference between weather and...Ch. 20 - Estimate the annual production of carbon dioxide...
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