Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Concept explainers

Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of th…
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotat…
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Chapter 20, Problem 20.85P
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formula of β -D-glucopyranoside showing the D-glucose unit as a chair conformation is to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

The covalent bond which is formed by the removal of water molecule from two molecules of sugar or between one molecule of sugar and an alcohol is known as a glycosidic linkage. The compounds containing glycosidic linkage are known as glycosides.

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Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde), the principal component of vanilla, occurs in vanilla beans and other natural sources as a b-d-glucopyranoside. Draw a structural formula for this glycoside, showing the d-glucose unit as a chair conformation.
Cellobiose, a disaccharide obtained by the hydrolysis of cellulose, is composed of two glucose units joined by a 1→4-β-glycoside bond. What is the structure of cellobiose?
Consider the tetrasaccharide stachyose drawn below. Stachyose is found in white jasmine, soybeans, and lentils. Because humans cannot digest it, its consumption causes flatulence.a. Label all glycoside bonds.b. Classify each glycosidic linkage as αα or ββ and use numbers to designate its location between two rings (e.g., 1→→4-ββ)-c. What products are formed when stachyose is hydrolyzed with H33O++?d. Is stachyose a reducing sugar?e. What product is formed when stachyose is treated with excess CH33I, Ag22O?f. What products are formed when the product in (e) is treated with H33O++?

Chapter 20 Solutions

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 20.1PCh. 20.2 - Prob. 20.2PCh. 20.2 - Prob. 20.3PCh. 20.3 - Prob. 20.4PCh. 20.4 - Prob. 20.5PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.6PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.7PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.8PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.9PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.10P
Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.11PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.12PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.13PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.14PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.15PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.16PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.17PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.18PCh. 20 - .19 What is an amino sugar? Name the three amino...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.20PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.21PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.22PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.23PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.24PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.25PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.26PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.27PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.28PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.29PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.30PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.31PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.32PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.33PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.34PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.35PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.36PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.37PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.38PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.39PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.40PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.41PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.42PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.43PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.44PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.45PCh. 20 - 6 Where is glycogen stored in the human body?Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.47PCh. 20 - 8 How is it possible that cows can digest grass...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.49PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.50PCh. 20 - 1 Hyaluronic acid acts as a lubricant in the...Ch. 20 - 2 The anticlotting property of heparin is partly...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.53PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.54PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.55PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.56PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.57PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.58PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.59PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.60PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.61PCh. 20 - 2 In making candy or sugar syrups, sucrose is...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.63PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.64PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.65PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.66PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.67PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.68PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.69PCh. 20 - 0 What are the structural differences between...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.71PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.72PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.73PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.74PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.75PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.76PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.77PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.78PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.79PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.80PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.81PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.82PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.83PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.84PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.85PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.86PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.87PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.88PCh. 20 - Prob. 20.89P
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