BIOLOGY VOL. II
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781308795317
Author: Raven
Publisher: Mcgraw-Hill/Create
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 2U
When the environment changes from year to year and different
a. natural selection will operate in a frequency-dependent manner.
b. the effect of natural selection may oscillate from year to year, favoring alternative phenotypes in different years.
c.
d. None of the choices is correct.
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Which of the following is NOT a correct statement regarding the neutral-mutation explanation for the high levels of genetic variation?
A.
Most genetic variation observed is adaptively neutral.
B.
Natural selection plays a lesser role in maintaining genetic variation.
C.
When natural selection occurs it leads to a decrease in genetic variation.
D.
Genetic variation is maintained mainly via the random effects of genetic drift.
Which statement is correct, based on current evolutionary theory?
a.
Selection will favor alleles only if they are good for the species.
b.
Selection will favor alleles only if, on average, they increase the reproductive success of individuals who have them.
c.
In small populations genetic drift can be more effective than natural selection in building adaptations.
d.
Selection sometimes favors alleles that systematically lower the reproductive success of the individuals who have them.
e.
Two of the above are correct.
Indicate whether each of the following statements about natural selection is true (T) or false (F). Put
either a T or an F in each box provided.
a. Natural selection alters a population's gene pool
b. Natural selection creates new alleles which increase the reproductive success of their owners
c. Natural selection favors traits which it anticipates will be beneficial to a species in the future
d. Natural selection can at times be observed in nature over the course of just a few decades
e. Natural selection acts directly on an individual's phenotype
Chapter 20 Solutions
BIOLOGY VOL. II
Ch. 20 - Assortative mating a. affects genotype frequencies...Ch. 20 - When the environment changes from year to year and...Ch. 20 - Many factors can limit the ability of natural...Ch. 20 - Stabilizing selection differs from directional...Ch. 20 - Founder effects and bottlenecks are a. expected...Ch. 20 - Relative fitness a. refers to the survival rate of...Ch. 20 - For natural selection to result in evolutionary...Ch. 20 - In a population of red (dominant allele) or white...Ch. 20 - Genetic drift and natural selection can both lead...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3A
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In the movie on rock pocket mice, what did the team discover about black colouration? Select the ONE BEST answer. a. Fur colouration is the result of a new adaptive behaviour where pocket mice rolled in lava dust to camouflage themselves. b. It is the result of the same, single mutation in all populations. C. Different mutations cause similar dark colouration in different populations. d. One specific mutation causes black or white fur depending on the population. e. Fur colouration is the result of dietary changes in different environments, not natural selection.arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the following statement? "When mutation is random, natural selection is not." Mark all correct answers Group of answer choices A. A mutation is caused by changes in the environment. B. Natural selection can favor some mutations and not others. C.Mutations for advantageous traits are more likely to be passed on to the next generation. D.Selection can change depending on the environment.arrow_forwardEnvironments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Will this cause natural selection to occur? A. No.The environment is always changing. Global warming is nothing new. B. Yes, warmer temperatures will induce mutations that are favorable to survial in the new teperature regime C. No. The only change will be that species from hot environments will expand their ranges. D. Yes. Traits that help individuals produce more offspring in warmer environments will increase in frequency. E. Yes. Warmer temperatures will increase the rate of chemical reactions in poikilothemic species and thus natural selection will be enhanced.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true? A. Evolution involves a change in gene frequencies from one generation to the next B. Natural selection is the only mechanism through which animals evolve to become adapted to their environment C. Genetic drift results in evolution but not adaptation to the environment D. For natural selection to occur, differences in genetically-based traits must result in differential reproductive success E. All of the above are truearrow_forwardWhat is neutral evolution? A. Neutral evolution does not exist. B. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to natural selection (they are advantageous or disadvantageous). C. When certain genes are present or absent in populations regardless of selection (they are not advantageous or disadvantageous). D. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to sexual selection (they are selected for by the opposite sex).arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about natural selection is a misconception? a.Most species don't produce more offspring than the environment can support b.Natural selection acts on heritable variations in a population c.Natural selection involves differential reproductive success d.Natural selection occurs as a result of competition among individuals in a population e.In natural selection, traits that are favoured depend on current environmental conditionsarrow_forward
- Alfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin argued that evolution by means of natural selection involves all of the following steps except: a. variation is present in all species b. species can produce more offspring than the environment can sustain c. all individuals within a species have equal chances to improve their fitness d. those individuals that are more fit will survive and reproduce in the greatest numbers e. over time, the species will evolve as the more fit individuals replace the less fit individualsarrow_forwardWhat is neutral evolution? A. When certain genes are present or absent in populations regardless of selection (they are not advantageous or disadvantageous). B. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to sexual selection (they are selected for by the opposite sex). C. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to natural selection (they are advantageous or disadvantageous). D. Neutral evolution does not exist.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of stabilizing selection?a. Over time, Equus developed strength, intelligence, speed,and durable grinding teeth.b. British land snails mainly have two different phenotypes.c. Swiss starlings usually lay four or five eggs, therebyincreasing their chances of more offspring.d. Drug resistance increases with each generation; theresistant bacteria survive, and the nonresistant bacteriaget killed off.e. All of these are correctarrow_forward
- Which aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below? Check ALL answers that apply. A. Variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation. B. Variation must exist in a population. C. Variation among individuals leads to differences in lifetime reproductive success. D. More individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support, resulting in competition for survival.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements does NOT agree with the tenets of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of natural selection? O A. The phenotypes of individuals in a population will differ and, in some cases, these differences are the result of traits passed down from parent to offspring. B. Phenotypes become more common over time if individuals with those phenotypes have higher reproductive success. O C. The fitness of an individual with a particular phenotype is independent of the environmental conditions it experiences. O D. Resources limit the total number of individuals in a population.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is false regarding artificial selection? B. Artificial selection is responsible for creating new varieties of plants and animals D. Many if not most organisms created through artificial selection could not survive without humans E. None of the above---all are true statements A. Darwin's understanding of artificial selection helped him arrive at his theory of evolution by natural selection C. Artificial selection is caused through the process of selective breedingarrow_forward
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