Microeconomics
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259915550
Author: McConnell
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 20, Problem 5RQ
To determine
Impact of the excise tax on the society.
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Suppose demand and supply are given by: (LO3, LO4)Qx d = 14 − 1/2Px and Qx s = 1/4Px − 1c. How much tax revenue does the government earn with the $12 tax when the new equilibrium quantity is 2 units after tax .
(Last Word) The combined cost of Social Security and Medicare programs was what percent of U.S. GDP in 2008
(A) 7.6
(B) 12.4
(C) 17.2
(D) 2.9
9. True or false? If the statement is false, explain why: LO4
a. An internally held public debt is like a debt of the left hand owed to the right hand.
b. The Federal Reserve and federal government agencies hold more than half the public debt.
c. As a percentage of GDP, the federal debt held by the public was smaller in 2010 than it was in 1990.
d. As a percentage of GDP, the total U.S. public debt is the highest such debt among the world’s advanced industrial nations.
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- 1. Determine burden of the tax under different demand conditions (i.e., when demand is D 1 andwhen demand is D 2 ). Who gets most of the burden of the tax under different demandconditions?2. Prove that the increase (or change) in the price is dependent on the elasticity of demandand supply, under different demand conditions (i.e., when demand is D 1 and when demandis D 2 ).3. What tax revenue is expected by the government if the demand for cigarettes is D 1 ? Is D 2 ?arrow_forwardConsider the following supply and demand function, QD = 65 − 2P and QS = 1.5P − 5, and assume a $17.50 excise tax is collected from consumers. (a) Calculate price and quantity in this market before (P1 and Q1) and after the tax (P2 and Q2). (b) What is the amount of tax revenue that is collected from con- sumers, producers and in total? (c) What is the relative tax burden of consumers and producers? (d) Show how the elasticity of supply and demand determine the shar- ing of the tax burden. (e) What is the relative tax burden of producers and consumers if the tax is collected from producers, instead?arrow_forwardAssume that the federal government replaces the federal income tax with a national sales tax on all consumption expenditures. Analyze the impact of this tax change on taxation efficiency and equity? Note that the federal government already collects a nationwide consumption tax through excise taxes on gasoline, liquor and tobacco.arrow_forward
- The country of Aquilonia has a tax system identical to that of Canada. Suppose an Aquilonian bought a parcel of land for $10,000 in 1960 when the price index equalled 100. In 2019, the person sold the land for $100,000, and the price index equalled 500. If the person must pay 20 percent of any capital gain in taxes, what is the after-tax real capital gain (in 2019 dollars) on the land? a. $72,000 b. $32,000 c. $6400 d. $62,000arrow_forwardIf the tax code exempts the first $20,000 of income from taxation and then taxes 25 percent of all income above that level, then a person who earns percent and a marginal tax rate of $50,000 has an average tax rate of percent. O 15, 25 O 25, 15 O 25, 30 O 30, 25arrow_forwardSuppose demand and supply are given by: Q^d=14-0.5P and Q^s=0.25P-1. Determine the equilibrium quantity and price in this market. Show the equilibrium graphically. Suppose a $12 excise tax is imposed on the good.Determine new supply and the new equilibrium quantity and price. How much does producers' revenue change? How much tax revenue does the government earn?arrow_forward
- 4. Suppose that there are two households in the economy, A and B, that they face the same wage rate w, and that the government initially uses a proportional income tax according to which each household must pay a fraction t of its labor income as income tax. Assume that given this tax scheme household A chooses to work full time while household B chooses to work part time. Now suppose that the government is interesting in studying the impact of changing the tax system to a progressive tax system where the household work- ing full time would pay a tax rate th >t while the household working part time would pay a rate ti < t. (a) Draw a graph of the impact of this change on the budget constraint that households face with the two different tax systems. (b) What would such a change in the tax system imply for the optimal choice of the two households?arrow_forwardSuppose that gifts were taxed at a rate of 10 for amounts up to 100,000 and 20 for anything over that amount. Would this tax be regressive or progressive?arrow_forwardSuppose demand and supply are given by: (LO3, LO4) Qx d = 14 − 1/2 Px and Qx s = 1/4Px − 1 a. Determine the equilibrium price and quantity. Show the equilibrium graphically. B. Supposed a $ 12 excise tax is imposed on the good. Determine the new equilibrium price and quantity C. How much tax revenue does the government earn with the $12 taxarrow_forward
- c) Instead of introducing the 20% corporate tax in part (b), the government decided to add an ad valorem input tax of 100% to input 2. What is the profit-maximizing amount of each input to use? What is the profit-maximizing output? How much is Rodrigo’s new profit?arrow_forward1- Can you explain the benefit principle and ability to pay approach with regard to tax equity. Which approach do you think is appropriate regarding tax equity (fairness) ? And why? 2. Can you explain the effects of government borrowing regarding Ricardo’s Equivalence Theorem and give the main arguments against this theorem. Thank you very much.arrow_forwardExplain three reasons why tax expenditures are politically favorable over cash government spending ? l=Pls answer in 5-6 sentence onlyarrow_forward
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