Biology - With Access (Custom)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259116438
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 5U
Founder effects and bottlenecks are
a. expected only in large populations.
b. mechanisms that increase
c. two different modes of natural selection.
d. forms of genetic drift.
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Students have asked these similar questions
A population occupies heterogeneous environments in which the fitness of some genotypes is higher in one environment and the fitness of other individuals is higher in another environment. This situation is likely to result in
a. directional selection.
b. stabilizing selection.
c. disruptive selection.
d. balancing selection.
The key difference between natural selection, genetic drift, and artificial selection is:
a.
Whether or not they change allele frequency.
b.
Only genetic drift removes harmful traits.
c.
What is causing the differential reproduction.
d.
Only one of them involves heritable elements
e.
None of the above is correct.
Which of the following is/are assumptions made under the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle?
A. Mutations are introduced into the gene pool at a regular frequency.
B. New alleles may be introduced to the population by migration.
C. Gametes combine at random.
D. The fittest individuals in a population are most likely to reproduce.
E. Allele frequencies change at random from one generation to the next.
Chapter 20 Solutions
Biology - With Access (Custom)
Ch. 20 - Assortative mating a. affects genotype frequencies...Ch. 20 - When the environment changes from year to year and...Ch. 20 - Many factors can limit the ability of natural...Ch. 20 - Stabilizing selection differs from directional...Ch. 20 - Founder effects and bottlenecks are a. expected...Ch. 20 - Relative fitness a. refers to the survival rate of...Ch. 20 - For natural selection to result in evolutionary...Ch. 20 - In a population of red (dominant allele) or white...Ch. 20 - Genetic drift and natural selection can both lead...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3A
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- With regard to genetic drift, are the following statements true or false? If a statement is false, explain why. A. Over the long run, genetic drift leads to allele fixation or loss. B. When a new mutation occurs within a population, genetic drift is more likely to cause the loss of the new allele rather than the fixation of the new allele. C. Genetic drift promotes genetic diversity in large populations. D. Genetic drift is more significant in small populations.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements most accurately describes the effects of genetic drift on a population? a. Populations of the same size will follow the same evolutionary trajectory when evolving due to drift. b. Genetic drift has the potential to drive evolution in all populations. c. Allele frequencies in a population of infinite size will ultimately drift to fixation or loss. d. The loss of otters in California due to excessive hunting cause a founder effect.arrow_forwardWhich of the following types of selection maintain variation in a population? a. Overdominance (Heterozygote advantage) b. Underdominance (Heterozygote disadvantage) c. Frequency-dependent selection d. Directional selection e. Both a. & b. f. Both a. and c. g. Both a. and d.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is FALSE? Select one: a. Genetic drift is more likely to occur in a small population. b. Random mating occurs when individuals pair by chance. c. The dominant allele is always the most common allele in the gene pool. d. Evolution can be detected by noting a deviation from a Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium of allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population.arrow_forwardSickle cell anemia is maintained in human populations because individuals with a single copy of the sickle cell allele have resistance to malaria but lack the health problems of individuals with two copies of the allele. Variation at the sickle cell locus is maintained by which of the following? Group of answer choices A. heterozygote advantage B. random change in allele frequency C. mutation selection balance D. frequency dependent selectionarrow_forwardWithin a particular population, darkly colored rats are more likely to survive than more lightly colored individuals. This situation is likely to result in a. directional selection. b. stabilizing selection. c. disruptive selection. d. balancing selection.arrow_forward
- Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) describes a situation in which the relative frequencies of alleles do not change over generations. which of the following could prevent HWE from being maintained? A. New mutations B. All individuals reproducing equally C. Random mating D. No individuals entering the populationarrow_forwardSelection that causes one extreme phenotype to be more frequent in a population is an example ofa. disruptive selection.b. stabilizing selection.c. directional selection.d. equivalent selection.arrow_forwardA gene exists in two alleles, and the heterozygote has the highest fitness. This situation is likely to result in a. directional selection. c. disruptive selection. b. stabilizing selection. d. balancing selection.arrow_forward
- All of the following are causes for evolutionary concern in small populations, EXCEPT: a. Unmasking of deleterious alleles. b. Natural selection can be overwhelmed by drift, and thus cannot counterbalance the effects. c. Random fixation of deleterious alleles is more likely to occur in small populations. d. Homozygosity decreases more rapidly in smaller populations compared to larger populations.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is correct (can be more than 1): Genetic drift is an important mechanism of evolution: A. when the difference in fitness between alleles is small B. when a small number of individuals found a new population C. when the difference in fitness between alleles is large D. when population size is small E. when population size is large F. during and after a population bottleneckarrow_forwardA. The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium is important because it serves as a null hypothesis in studies that evaluate evolution of species. it explains how evolution works. it predicts how allele and genotype frequencies will change over time. it clarifies how traits are passed from parent to offspring. B. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium occurs frequently in natural populations. predicts changes in allele and genotype frequencies. is inhibited by random mating. assumes large population sizes.arrow_forward
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