Concept explainers
Introduction:
Haemophilus bacilli are extremely small species of pathogenic bacteria. For their survival and growth, this species require biological molecules like heme present in blood and also NAD+. Due to this, they are found to be parasitic in animals and humans. The most common example of Haemophilus pathogens is Haemophilus influenzae, which causes a number of respiratory related diseases like flu, sinusitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia.
The bacteria in this genus can change their shape in many forms, and they have the presence of a polysaccharide capsule, which prevents them from phagocytosis. The presence of different types of capsule also helps the scientists to distinguish between different strains of this genus. Type B strain, identified by its capsule, causes most of the H. influenzae diseases, including some fatal diseases in children like arthritis and meningitis.
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