Whether each of the given structures is D -glyceraldehyde or L -glyceraldehyde is to be stated. Concept Introduction: The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “ D ” and “ L ”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line. The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one. Almost all the sugars found in nature are D -sugars. The mirror image of D -sugar is L -sugar. The notations “ D ” and “ L ” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D -sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L -sugar.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 20.2, Problem 3P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically.

All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line. The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

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Q3: Use arrows to match the terms (A) column with (B) column. Some may be used more than once and others not at all. B a- contain glycerol backbone b- glucose é- amino acids d- esters of fatty acids e- octapeptide f- disaccharide 6- Proteins g- polysaccharide k- compound lipids i- steroid-like j- lipids k- polar lipids + glucose storage in animals 7- Cholesterol 8- Lactose 9- Waxes 10AngiotensinlI ((T.O.P)) ((1-2))

Indicate whether each statement is true or false: (a)Disaccharides are a type of carbohydrate. (b) Sucrose is amonosaccharide. (c) All carbohydrates have the formulaCnH2mOm.

Indicate whether each statement is true or false: (a) Disaccharides are a type of carbohydrate. (b) Sucrose is a monosaccharide. (c) All carbohydrates have the formula CnH2mOm.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 20.2, Problem 3P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically.

All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line. The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 20.2, Problem 3P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically.

All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line. The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 20.2, Problem 3P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically.

All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line. The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

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Answer 5

Chapter 20.2, Problem 3P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically.

All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line. The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

Answer 6

Chapter 20.2, Problem 3P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically.

All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line. The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

Answer 7

Chapter 20.2, Problem 3P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically.

All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line. The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

Answer 8

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

Answer 9

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

Answer 10

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

Answer 11

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether each of the given structures is D-glyceraldehyde or L-glyceraldehyde is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The configurations of carbohydrates are described by the notations “D” and “L”. In Fischer projection carbon chain is depicted vertically. All the carbon atoms of the chain are represented by the center of the crossing line.

The functional group like ketone group has the lowest possible priority two and the aldehydic group has the lowest priority one.

Almost all the sugars found in nature are D-sugars. The mirror image of D-sugar is L-sugar.

The notations “D” and “L” are based on the presence of “OH” group. If the “OH” group attached to the bottommost asymmetric center of a Fischer projection, is on the right then the compound is a D-sugar. If that same “OH” group is on the left, then the compound is an L-sugar.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 4P Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 7P Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 9P Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the structure of glyceraldehyde in Fischer projection. The carbonyl group is placed on top in case of aldose and on as close to the top as possible.

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Chapter 20 Solutions