Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 15TYK
Summary Introduction
To review:
Designing of an exercise by taking two varieties of beans to represent the two alleles at the same gene locus, to illustrate the affects of
Introduction:
Genetic drift is also known as allelic drift or Sewall Wright effect. This is a mechanism of evolution accompained with the change in the frequency of an existing gene variant or allele in a population due to chance (Sampling error). The process of genetic drift takes place in all populations of non-infinite size, but the observed effects are strongest in small populations. Bottleneck effect (sharp reduction of population size by a natural disaster) and founder effect (dissociation of small group from the main population) shows the major effect on genetic drift.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 21.1 - If a population of skunks includes some...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.1 - What factors contribute to phenotypic variation in...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 21.2 - Why is the Hardy-Weinberg principle considered a...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.3 - Which agents of microevolution tend to increase...Ch. 21.3 - Which mode of natural selection increases the...Ch. 21.3 - In what way is sexual selection like directional...Ch. 21.4 - How does the diploid condition protect harmful...
Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.5 - How can a biologist test whether a trait is...Ch. 21.5 - Why are most organisms adapted to the environments...Ch. 21 - The reason spontaneous mutations do not have an...Ch. 21 - The phenomenon in which chance events cause...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 21 - Which of the following represents an example of...Ch. 21 - A population of mice is at HardyWeinberg...Ch. 21 - If the genotype frequencies in a population are...Ch. 21 - An Eastern European immigrant carrying the allele...Ch. 21 - If a storm kills many small sparrows in a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 21 - Discuss Concepts Many human diseases are caused by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 21 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking Captive breeding...Ch. 21 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 21 - Design an experiment to test the hypothesis that...Ch. 21 - Peter and Rosemary Grant of Princeton University...
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- If after studying a population for a trait determined by a single pair of alleles you find that the population is not in equilibrium, what possible reasons might explain the lack of equilibriumarrow_forwardWhich population sample would be more vulnerable to genetic drift? Why?arrow_forwardExplain why genetic drift is more powerful in small populationsarrow_forward
- Under genetic drift, if an allele’s frequency is 1%, what is the likelihood that it will be lost from the population? part B; Construct a graph that describes the likelihood of fixation of a particular allele, for a small population that is under Wright-Fisher genetic drift. Don’t forget to label axes completely.arrow_forwardWhich statement best summarizes why genetic drift tends to impact small populations more than large populations? A. Small populations have a heterozygote advantage because heterozygotes are more common than homozygotes. B. Small populations have a smaller gene pool, so random changes influence them more. C. Small populations have a relatively large gene pool, so the founder effect stabilizes their alleles.D. Small populations tend to experience directional selection, making one phenotype more common.arrow_forwardWhat is effective population size? How does it affect the amount of genetic drift?arrow_forward
- If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene and found large differences from those predicted by the Hardy–Weinberg principle, would that prove that natural selection is occurring in the population you are studying? Review the conditions that lead to an equilibrium population, and explain your answer.arrow_forwardwhat set of fitness levels most likely produced the genotype graph shown belowarrow_forwardHow Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? Explain the connection between changes in population allele frequencies and evolution, and relate this to the observations made by Wallace and Darwin concerning natural selection.arrow_forward
- How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? Drawing on your newly acquired understanding of the HardyWeinberg equilibrium law, point out why the following statement is erroneous: Because most of the people in Sweden have blond hair and blue eyes, the genes for blond hair and blue eyes must be dominant in that population.arrow_forwardThe magnification of genetic drift as a result of natural events or catastrophes is _____; _____ is the flow of alleles in and out of a population due to the migration of individuals or gametes.arrow_forwardImagine that in squirrels, the gene for brown coat is coded by two alleles, D for dark brown and d for light brown. In a population of squirrels in Central Park, you identified 251 DD, 182 Dd , and 117 dd. What is the frequency of the light brown, d allele? Please use and round to four decimal points.arrow_forward
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